الفهرس 
CHAPTER 1 THEORETICAL ASPECTSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Thermoluminescence (TL) is a retrospective dosimetry technique that can be used to quantify the interaction of ionizing radiation with natural and synthetic inorganic materials, among the natural inorganic materials, some natural minerals were employed in TL dosimetry, nuclear accident monitoring and control and food irradiation control.
The ability of the material to produce TL emission is dependent on the presence of defects within it, which creates de-localized states between the conduction and valence bands from which the charge carriers can be freed and recombine in the luminescence centers. These defects can be structural (planar, Frenkel, or Schottky) and point (impurities) defects. Also, the modification of the crystalline phase due to temperature and pressure during formation can contribute to the presence of the de-localized states.
Thermoluminescent materials are divided into two categories: natural and synthetic materials. The TL dosimetric features of natural materials depending upon their origin, chemical composition, impurity content, and geological history. So, the TL properties of each natural material should be studied separately
Among the well-known natural minerals, quartz, feldspar, fluorite, and calcite, the current study was devoted to calcite.
Calcite (CaCO3) is a rock-forming mineral and the most stable polymorph (materials have the same chemical composition but different crystal structure) of calcium carbonate, the other form is the aragonite mineral. It is an abundant natural mineral that can be found in various geological environments such as sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. Pure calcite is colorless or white, but different colors of calcite are a sign of different trace elements. The thermoluminescence (TL) study of calcite is of great importance because of its effectiveness in providing information for geological and archaeological dating.
The current study was going to investigate the TL properties and associated kinetic parameters of natural white and brownish calcite samples extracted from the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt.