الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diarrhea is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, Which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms. Infection is spread through contaminated food or drinking-water, or from person-to-person as a result of poor hygiene, Diarrhea can last several days, and can leave the body without the Water and salts that are necessary for survival, also mortality is due to severe dehydration and fluid loss, Children who are malnourished or have impaired immunity are most at risk of life-threatening Diarrhea, The role of the mother, is vital in health promotion, disease prevention and child care. In the actions mothers take, the minimum required is a brief and superficial examination of the dehydrated child and the amount and type of liquid feeing in the case of diarrhea.
AIM OF STUDY
This study aimed to assess maternal traditional practice towards their children suffering from diarrheal disease.
RESEARCH QUESTION
What are maternal traditional practices toward their children suffering from diarrheal disease?
Are there relation between maternal traditional practice and their characteristic’s?
RESEARCH DESIGN
A descriptive design to achieve the objectives of the study design was used to conduct this study.
STUDY SETTING
This study was conducted in dehydration room in emergency department at children Hospital affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospitals
SUBJECTS
A purposive sample composed from 120 mothers accompanying with their children suffering from diarrheal disease for 6 months.
Tools of data collection
Tools of data collection: Data collected through use of the following tools:
I- Predesigned Questionnaire Format
It was designed by the researcher in Arabic language after reviewing the related literature and consists of three parts:
Part 1: characteristics of studied mothers and their children suffering from diarrheal disease.
a- characteristics of studied Mothers: included age, educational level, occupation, family size, residence and presence of animals.
b- characteristics of studied Children: included age, gender and ranking.
c-physical and physiological characteristics of child from medical records
Part II: Mothers knowledge about diarrhea included
Definition, causes, risk factors, clinical manifestation, complication, protection and management of diarrhea, types of food during diarrhea.
Definition,level, protection,clinical manifestation and management of dehydration.
Definition,singns to start weaning process, types of weaning food.
Part III: Studied mothers reported practice regarding management of diarrheal disease for their children included.
Breast feeding technique, artificial food precautions, weaning principles, method of cooking during diarrhea and method of giving oral rehydration solution.
Operational Design:
The operational design included preparatory phase, content validity, pilot study and field work.
-Preparatory phase:
It includes reviewing current, past, local and international related literature and theoretical knowledge of various aspects of the study using books, articles, internet, periodicals and magazines to develop tools for data collection.
- Pilot Study:
The Pilot study was carried out for 10% (12) of the cases (120 cases) to test the reliability and applicability of the tools, and then the tools were integrated to the pilot study.
-Field Work:
To carry out the study, an approval obtained from the medical and nursing director of emergency department of Ain shams University explaining the aim of the study in order to obtain their permission and cooperation. Eight months periods from July to February 2020 / three days per week (Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday) from 9:00am to 1:00pm in the previous mentioned settings, during the morning shiftg the morning shift.
RESULTS:-
Finding of the current study can be summarized as the following:
• There more than one third (40%) of the studied mothers their age ranged from 30<40 with mean age 32.27± 6.94, the majority (88.3%) of them were living in urban areas and also 87.5% of them had cats in their homes, and more than three quarters (76.7%) of them were not working.
• There near one third (32.5%) of the studied mothers were illiterates,
while only 6.7% of them only read and write.
• There more than two thirds (70.8%) of the studied children aged less than one year old, more than one third (35.8%) of them ranked as the third
child in their family, and three quarters (75%) of them were males
• There more than half of studied mothers (55.8%) and (55%) have correct answer regarding definition and management of diarrhea respectively, while more than one third of them (34,2%)have correct answer regarding clinical manifestation and protection of diarrhea.
• There near two third of studied mothers (70%)and(62.5) have incorrect answer regarding level and protection of dehydration respectively, and only (15.8%)of them have correct answer regarding clinical manifestation of dehydration.
• There near two third of studied mothers (70%)and(62.5) have incorrect answer regarding level and protection of dehydration respectively, and only (15.8%)of them have correct answer regarding clinical manifestation of dehydration
• There near two third of studied mothers (80%) have incorrect answer regarding definition of weaning, while near one quarter (25%) have correct answer regarding principles of weaning.
• There more than one third (39.1%) of studied mothers have good knowledge about diarrhea.
• There nearly half of studied mothers (45%) have incorrect answer reported practice regarding the breast feeding technique. Also, more than half of them (57.5%) have incomplete correct answer reported practice regarding weaning principles.
Conclusion
The findings of the current study concluded that the most common traditional reported practice of studied mothers were stoping the breast feeding ,not follow the methods of cooking,and giving oral rehydrain solution during diarrhea.
Moreover, there was highly statistical significant relation between study variables and positive correlation between the mothers total knowledge and total reported practice.
Recommendations
• Regular health educational program for mothers in dehydration room in emergency department about care given to children suffering from diarrheal disease.
• providing of brochures and booklets containing simple information about important of breast feeding and knowledge regarding weaning and danger signs of dehydration
• further studied about the maternal traditional practice toward diarrheal disease with increasing sample size and different setting.