الفهرس 
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Abstract
The series of experiments detailed in this thesis was designed to evaluate the effect of low crud protein fortified by lysine and methionine with/ without phytase supplementation in broiler feeding. The present study was carried out at a private poultry farm under supervision of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, during the period from April to May 2019. A total of 315 unsexed day old Ross × Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 7 groups of similar chick numbers. Corn soya been basal diet was formulated to contained 23% CP and 3000 kcal ME/kg diet, 21% CP and 3100 kcal ME /kg diet and 19% CP and 3200 kcal ME/kg diet during starter , grower and finisher periods respectively until 42 days of age. One of the seven experimental birds was fed basal diet as a control group while, the remaining six groups were fed low crud protein by 3 % compared to the basal diet. Whereas, T1, T2 and T3 fed low crud protein contains 90, 100 and 110% of lysine and methionine without phytase, while T4, T5 and T6 fed the same diets with 500 FUT phytase/kg diet during experimental periods. The criteria considered were live body weight, body weight gain, relative growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency, protein intake, Protein efficiency ratio, metabolizable energy intakes and utilization, lysine and methionine intake, slaughter characteristics and blood constituents of birds were studied, The economic efficiency of the product was also calculated. The obtained results are summarized as follow: I – Performance: 1) Live body weight, body weight gain and relative growth rate were significantly affected by dietary treatments. Whereas, body weight, weight gain and RGR were significantly improved of birds fed low protein fortified by110% Lys & Met without or with 500 FTU/kg phytase compared to other groups. 2) Feed intake and feed conversion were significantly improved of birds fed low-CP fortified by Lys & Met with phytase compared to control group. 3) A significantly highest crud protein intake of birds fed control diet. While, broiler fed basal diet or low CP, 90% Lys & Met without phytase showed significantly inferior protein efficiency ratio (PER) than those fed other experimental diet. 4) Birds fed the low CP fortified Lysine and Methionine with 500 FTU/kg Phytase supplemented diet showed a significantly superior PCR compared to the other treatment groups. 5) Metabolizable energy intakes and utilization (MEU) were significantly increased of birds fed low CP with 110% Lys & Met supplemented with 500 FTU phytase/kg diet than those fed corn soybean meal diets. 6) Lysine and Methionine intakes were significantly increased of birds fed low CP with 110% Lys & Met supplemented with 500 FTU phytase/kg diet compared to control and other groups. II - Carcass and organs weight: 7) Birds fed 110% Lys. & Met. with phytase containing diets recorded a heavier weight of dressing and total edible parts percentage compared to control and other treatments. 8) Birds fed dietary T2, T3 and T6 reduced relative abdominal fat by 23, 35 and 16% compared with those fed control basal diet respectively. 9) The relative organs weight of pancreas, duodenum, intestinal and colon of birds group fed the low CP, 90% Lys & Met without phytase supplementation were significantly higher than that of control group. 10) Duodenum and Intestinal length were significantly decreased with increasing Lys & Meth levels with phytase supplementation containing diet compared to other groups. III - Blood Constituents: 11) Serum total protein of birds fed low CP, 90% Lys & Met with or without phytase containing diet was significantly higher than those of other groups. 12) Serum Albumin content of birds fed basal diet or those fed low CP, 110% Lys & Met with 500 FTU phytase/kg diet was significantly higher than those of other groups. 13) Serum Globulin of birds fed low CP, 100% Lys & Met without phytase was significantly higher than those of control group. While, albumin / Globulin ratio of groups fed control group was significantly higher than those of other groups. 14) Triglyceride values of birds fed low crud protein, 90% Lysine and Methionine with or without phytase diets had a significantly higher levels than those of the control diet, while it decreased as Lys & Met levels increased. 15) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly higher in birds fed control diet, but the lowered values were recorded of birds fed low CP, 90, 100 and 110% Lys & Met with or without phytase treatments groups. While, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values was increased gradually by increasing Lys & Met level in the experimental diets (ALT) values were decreased. 16) Serum Uric Acid of birds fed diet containing low CP, 90% Lys & Met with or without phytase diets were significantly lower than those of the control diet and that fed low CP, 110% Lys & Met without phytase. IV - The economic evaluation: 17) The most superior net revenue (NR) were 20.37 recoded of birds fed dietary T6 followed by 18.89 and 18.70 of those fed control diet and T3 compared with others treatments. 18) The superior relative of economic efficiency were 102.69 and 105.99% birds fed dietary low CP fortified by 110% Lys & Meth without or with 500 FTU phytase/kg diet respectively compared with birds fed control diet.