الفهرس 
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Abstract
Sleep Apnea Syndrome, a complex entity, insufficiently known and therefore underdiagnosed. which is characterized by: (1) the complete interruption (apnea) or the reduction of the respiratory flow (hypopnea) during sleep time.
Apnea is defined as the complete arrest of the respiratory flow over a period of 10 seconds or more, while hypopnea is defined as: >50% reduction in breathing amplitude, or <50% in breathing amplitude from the baseline flow if associated with: (1) an oxygen desaturation (SaO2) level of at least 3%, or with (2) at least one micro arousal during sleep time.
According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSDII), there are three types of sleep apnea: obstructive, central and mixed.
This study was performed on 160 patients working as Railway drivers to estimate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in Egyptian Railway drivers.
Out of 160 subjects studied only 60 patients had positive scores >8, ≥2 and ≥ 3 of Friedman OSAHS score (Friedman et al., 1999), Arabic version of Berlin questionnaire (Netzer et al., 1999) and Arabic version of STOP BANG questionnaire (Chung et al., 2008) respectively. Forty two out of the 60 subjects agreed to perform limited PSG study. Only, 6 patients out of 42 had AHI ≥ 5, so they undergone full PSG study.
If any patient had Friedman OSAHS score>8.or Berlin questionnaire ≥2.or STOP BANG questionnaire≥ 3.we considered that as positive result and performed limited PSG study.
To analyze the data, the patient’s population was grouped based on AHI results of limited PSG:
• Non-OSAS group: 36 cases AHI <5 of limited PSG study (Negative Limited PSG)
• OSAS group: 6 cases AHI ≥ 5 of limited PSG study (Positive Limited PSG)
In attempt to understand the impact of confounding factors on this study, we further analyzed the smoking habit of the study subjects. Approximately, there were 65.6% smokers, 88.6% on cigarettes only and 11.4% on water pipe only.
We were further interested in understanding the family history of our test subjects to analyze individual’s heredity associated risk versus lifestyle associated risks. Our results showed that 46.2% give history of hypertension, 46.9% give history of hyperlipidemia while 35.6% give history of heart diseases. 0.6% give history of DM and 0.6% give history of hypothyroidism.
It was shown in prior studies that OSAS is strongly associated with different body measures. Thereby, we also assessed subject`s weight, BMI, neck circumference, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Our results showed that the mean of height was 172.75, mean of weight was 92.86, mean of BMI was 30.66, mean of neck circumference was 38.15, mean of waist circumference was 91.59. and mean of hip circumference was 94.38
When we compared between non OSAS group and OSAS group in current study, we observed that:
• There was highly statistically significant difference regarding the age.
• There was statistically significant difference regarding DM.
• There was highly statistically significant difference regarding witnessed apneas during sleep, daytime sleepiness and tired in the morning after sleep at night
• There was statistically significant difference regarding weight, PaO2& PaCO2.
• There was highly statistically significant difference regarding SBP.
• There was highly statistically significant difference regarding parameters of limited PSG(AHI, ODI& Average SPO2).