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العنوان
EFFECT OF SOME MICROBIAL TREATMENTS ON
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF SOME AGRICULTURAL
BYPRODUCTS AND PRODUCTIVE
PERFORMANCE OF RUMINANT
ANIMALS /
المؤلف
MOHAMMED, HEND ABD EL-KAREEM SAYED.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / هند عبد الكريم سيد محمد
مشرف / هانئ محمود جادو
مناقش / عبد الرحمن محمود عبد الجواد
مناقش / سليمان محمد سليمان عبد المولي
تاريخ النشر
2021.
عدد الصفحات
141 P. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
الدكتوراه
التخصص
الزراعية والعلوم البيولوجية (المتنوعة)
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2021
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية الزراعة - قسم الإنتاج الحيواني
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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Abstract

SUMMARY
The present study was conducted, at the Department of Animal production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University. The study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing two different probiotics to lambs´ rations with replacement the source of dietary energy and/or protein with Palm Kernel Cake (PKC).
Two commercial probiotic formulas (ZAD and ICEC-Trol) were used (control: without probiotic, Z: ZAD, ZI: ZAD+ICEC-Trol, I: ICEC-Trol) as feed additives for addition to the combination of four different rations: CS (control), PS (PKC as source of energy), P (PKC as source of energy and protein) and PC (PKC as source of protein).
IVDMD were used to determine the rate of DM disappearance of experimental rations. Samples of total mixed ration (TMR) were used to determine the effect of ZAD and ICEC-TROL on the rate of DM disappearance at different incubation times for microbial digestion (24, 48) and enzymatic digestion (72 hrs.), and determination NDF and ADF after IVDMD.
Barki lambs (n= 96; 35 kg average body weight) were randomly assigned to 12 experimental groups (8 lambs for each group) in a completely randomized block design, The experimental period consisted of 15 days of ration adaptation followed by 47 days for feeding. ZAD probiotic was applied at 2 ml/head/day and ICEC-TROL was applied at 3 g/head/day and added to the meal directly before feeding. Animals’ weight gain and average daily gain were measured, blood samples were collected from 3 animals of each group to determined serum glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, calcium and phosphorus.
At the end of the experiment, fourteen animals were slaughtered, the hot carcass weight were recorded. Fat, liver, defatted kidneys, empty rumen, spleen, lungs, small intestine, testicles and belly fat were separately weighed and recorded for each slaughtered animal.
CNCPS v6.5 was using to evaluate the results of the study. The model used to evaluate ME and MP of experimental rations, ruminal parameters and fermentability, DCAD and pool sizes.
Results showed that corn and PKC with combination of ZAD +ICEC and ICEC was significant (p<0.05) high DM disappearance compared to other rations after 24 hrs. (66.55 and 63.85 %, respectively), 48 hrs. (70.65 and 72.39 %, respectively) and 72 hrs. (73.12 and 76.5 %, respectively). PKC with ICEC probiotic, corn and PKC with ICEC showed the highest rate in all experimental rations (0.19 %).
Animals fed control ration (corn and sunflower meal) with ZAD; sunflower meal and PKC, corn and PKC with combination of ZAD+ICEC showed highest (P<0.05) total weight gain (10.75, 10.88 and 10.56 kg, respectively) and average daily gain (0.229, 0.231 and 0.225 kg, respectively). ZAD probiotic improved serum total protein, globulin, glucose when using with PKC in lambs’ rations.
Addition of PKC as a source of protein or energy significantly improved (P<0.05) carcass weight and dressing percentage (44 - 47 % of live weight). ZAD had a significant effect (P<0.05) on empty rumen whereas increased it about 300 gm.
Using CNCPS, ME was lower than the requirements of animals by about 20-50%, and MP was higher than the requirements of animals by 18- 55 %. Despite that the ADG was improved in the same rations with addition of probiotics. DCAD of PKC was negative (-0.1mEq/100g) but sunflower meal + corn, sunflower meal + PKC and corn + PKC were positive DCAD (+10.8, +0.6 and +10.7 mEq/100g, respectively). Fermented pool size of CS and PC rations were higher in carbohydrate fraction (A2, A3, A4) by about 5-7%, (B2 and B3) by about 15-22% more than PS and P rations. Fermented pool sizes of CS and PC rations were higher protein fractions (PROT A2, B1 and B2) more than PS and P rations by about 11,13 and 27 %, respectively.
Results indicated that:
1. Addition of probiotics to PKC increased significantly (p<0.05) DM disappearance 24, 48, 72 hrs.
2. Treatments decreased NDF and ADF after IVDMD in the present study.
3. Animals fed rations with addition of probiotics showed highest (P<0.05) total weight gain and average daily gain.
4. ZAD probiotic improved serum total protein, globulin, glucose when using with PKC in lambs’ rations.
5. Addition of PKC as a source of protein or energy improved significantly (P<0.05) carcass weight and dressing percentage (44-47 % of live weight).
6. ZAD had a significant effect (P<0.05) on empty rumen whereas the increase reached about 300 gm.
7. Using CNCPS, ME was lower than the requirements of animals by about 20-50%, and MP was higher than the requirements of animals by 18- 55 %.
8. Addition of PKC as a source of protein and energy together in Lambs’ ration exhibited a negative DCAD, while using it as a source of protein or energy showed a positive DCAD.
9. Using of PKC as source of energy and/or protein in lamb rations increase the profit about 17-22% compared to traditional rations.
10. Addition of combination of ZAD+ICEC to the rations containing PKC increase the profit about 35-38%.
11. Addition of ZAD to traditional rations increase the profit about 33%.
It can be concluded that using of PKC as a source of energy or protein, with two sources of probiotics to lambs’ rations showed to be more effective in weight gain and productive performance, carcass characteristics, carcass weight and dressing percentage. For lambs’ fattening with traditional rations using one probiotic (ZAD) is enough.
It can be recommended to using PKC as a source of energy or protein with addition a source of Ruminococcus sp., Lactic acid bacteria and yeast probiotics in Barki lambs’ rations.