الفهرس 
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Abstract
Diabetes and osteoporosis are major public health problems that affect a large proportion of older people around the world. The most common problem caused by osteoporosis is vertebral fractures, occurring in about 20% of all postmenopausal women. Vertebral fractures are the most common type of osteoporotic fracture, and their identification is important not only for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, but also for future fracture risk assessment and treatment decisions.
The current study aimed to detect the prevalence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in elderly females with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A cross-sectional study was conducted and included 100 elderly females aged 60 years old or more with T2DM, who were recruited from the inpatient units and geriatric outpatient clinics in Mansoura University Hospital.
All participants were subjected to history taking with special emphasis on the duration of DM, type of treatment, microvascular complications, associated comorbidities, and black pain if present. Clinical examination and geriatric assessment were done with special emphasis on TUG Test, Mini nutritional assessment, ADL, IADL, and PHQ2 were done. Fracture risk assessment was done using FRAX- Palestine and plain X-ray on thoracic and lumbar vertebrae was done to all participants.
Our results showed that the prevalence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures among type 2 diabetic elderly females was 28% of the cases, and more than 75% of these fractured cases were asymptomatic. Most of these vertebral fractures were located at the thoracolumbar junction, and lower thoracic spine. More than half (57.1%) of the fractures were multiple fractures (involving more than one vertebrae).
There was a significant positive relation between the vertebral fractures and history of the previous cerebrovascular stroke, slower TUG test times, assisted /dependent in IADL, and higher FRAX-Palestine score for 10 years major osteoporotic fractures.
There was no significant association between vertebral osteoporotic fractures and age of the patients, BMI, duration or treatment of diabetes, presence of neuropathy or retinopathy or nephropathy, and history of previous fractures or parental hip fractures.