الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: Leadership practices are crucial and main concern of health care organizations around the world. Assessing head nurses’ leadership practices by 360-degree feedback are essential for leadership development. Aim: The study aimed at assessing head nurses’ leadership practices using 360-degree feedback. Subjects and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional design was used to carry out this study. The study was conducted at Ain Shams University hospital and Ain shams pediatric hospital. The subjects of this study included a convenience sample of 4supervisors and 50 head nurses, a stratified disproportional random sample of 150 staff nurses and (150) patient from the aforementioned setting. Data collection tool: was Leadership Practices Inventory. The results: head nurses’ perceived their own leadership were high (96%), while only (40%, 28%, 32%) of head nurses had high total leadership practice scores as perceived by their supervisors, staff nurses and patients.Conclusion: there were high self-rating of head nurses to their leadership practices and low other rated leadership practices scores as perceived by supervisors, staff nurses and patients. Indicating over-self estimation of head nurses to their leadership practices and lack of their self awareness. Recommendations: Conduct head nurses’ leadership practices training program to improve competencies they need to face challenges. Studying the relationship between head nurses’ leadership practices and staff nurses’ innovative behavior.