الفهرس 
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Abstract
When human skin surface is illuminated by a coherence light, the
interference of the resulting scattered wavelets presents a particular
intensity distribution, making the surface appear to be covered with a fine
granular structure of dark and bright spots called a “speckle pattern”. Laser
speckle technique is permanently used for examining optical roughness of
different rough surfaces with features dimensions in the range of visible
light wavelength as human skin. Investigation of the correlation between
human skin surface roughness and sugar level in human blood is presented
using laser speckle technique. In-vivo photography of the scattered
coherent wavelets leading to the formation of laser speckle finger print”
Bio-speckle”. Investigation such speckle pattern from the human skin
surface will be used as a measure for the diabetic human blood value
individual.
Also, the relation between Gamma irradiation linear attenuation coefficient
of artificial silicone skin surface model for different Gamma energies is
presented. Moreover, the effect of different irradiation doses on the skin
silicon model has been displayed using laser speckle technique.
The artificial silicone skin (phantom) was prepared with different
thickness. The mass attenuation coefficients were calculated and measured
in the energy range of 662–1333keV. It’s found that the coefficients
decreased with photon energy. The partial interactions were calculated
using WinXCom program. It was found that the Compton scattering was
the main interaction when the photon penetrated the skin. All of the partial
interactions decreased with the increase of photon energy. The
investigation of speckle for different laser diodes at different thickness has
been discussed in this work before and after applying Gamma irradiation
using different laser diodes. The contrast is increased from the original
value before irradiation with all the different thicknesses of the artificial
skin. So, irradiation increased the surface roughness of the skin, which
might indicate surface etching.
After the investigation of human skin surface in-vivo, it’s found that as the
degree of sugar in the human body increases the obtained contrast value is
increased. So, the laser speckle contrast image is a sensitive technique to
detect a diabetic early diagnostic.
Key words
Laser speckles, Bio-speckle, skin surface roughness, Skin Model
Surface Roughness