الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Gleditsia caspica Desf. Family
Fabaceae
Family Fabaceae or Leguminosae; is commonly known as pea, bean or the legume
family. It is the third largest plant family in terms of number of species. It comprises
about 751 genera and 19000 species. Genus Gleditsia belonging to subfamily
Caesalpinioideae and family Fabaceae contains around fourteen species, the majority of
which are found in Eastern Asia, Southern Caucasus, North and South America.
Gleditsia species were commonly known in traditional Chinese medicine for the
treatment of many inflammatory diseases such as swelling, carbuncles and skin diseases.
Triterpenoidal saponins, triterpenoids and flavonoids were reported as the major bioactive
constituents of Gleditsia species with a variety of interesting biological activities such as
anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, analgesic, anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-allergic activities.
Various fungal endophytes have been isolated from various organs of different
genera in family Fabaceae. Phytochemical and biological investigations of these fungal
endophytes revealed the isolation of several compounds with a variety of biological
activities such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, ant-parasitic, and
antioxidant activities.
Gleditsia caspica cultivated in public gardens in Egypt was chosen for
preliminary phytochemical screening, UPLC-ESI/MS/MS profiling, and isolation of
fungal endophytes. The results of endophyte isolation revealed the isolation of eight
different fungal strains from the aerial parts of Gleditsia caspica; five from stem, one
from leaves, one from thorns and one from fruits. The eight fungal isolates were
identified through morphological characterization. The results of preliminary
phytochemical screening revealed that Aspergillus N830, isolated from the stem, contains
more promising compounds than other fungal strains. It was identified through ITS DNA
sequencing and phylogentic analysis. We conducted this present work to find new safe
and effective anti-tubercular secondary metabolites from the selected fungal strain;
General Summary
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Aspergillus N830. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiallergic
activities of both Aspergillus N830 and Gleditsia caspica extracts to find the
possibility of isolating safe and effective anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic candidates
from them.
The present study included:
1. Phytochemical studies on Gleditsia caspica leaves and Aspergillus N830.
2. Biological investigations of Gleditsia caspica extract, Aspergillus N830
extract and its isolated compound.
3. In silico molecular docking.
Part I
Isolation, culturing, and identification of fungal endophytes
1. Isolation, purification and culturing of fungal strains
A total of eight fungal strains were isolated from the aerial parts of Gleditsia caspica; five
from the stem, one from thorns, one from fruits and one from leaves.
The eight fungal isolates were cultured and extracted for preliminary
phytochemical screening. The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence
of promising compounds within Aspergilus N830 ethyl acetate extract, which was chosen
for phytochemical and biological investigations.
2. Morphological identification
The eight fungal isolates were identified through morphological characterization. Results
revealed that seven of the fungal strains belonged to genus Aspergillus and one fungal
strain, the one isolated from leaves, belonged to genus Cladosporium.
General Summary
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3. Identification of selected strain; Aspergillus N830 using ITS sequencing
Our selected fungal isolate was further identified through ITS DNA sequencing and
phylogentic analysis as Aspergillus N830 and its (ITS) sequence was submitted in
GenBank data base under the accession number (MH814638).