الفهرس 
The Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 106 |  |  |
| | | from | 106 | | |
Abstract
Despite discovery of vitamin D a hundred years ago, it has been recently emerged as one of the most controversial Nutrients and prohormones of 21st century. Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy has numerous health implications in both the mothers and their offspring, therefore, it is important to prevent women from vitamin D deficiency during this period. Even in Australia, with high levels of sunlight (which is the primary source of vitamin D in human beings), pregnant women have been reported to be at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. It is found to play a major role in calcium metabolism and bone health. Normal vitamin D level is also very much needed for prevention of type 2 diabetes, Gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, cancer, preterm birth and low birth weight. Vitamin D has recently been found to promote insulin action, immunomodulation and lung function. Thus it is found to play a very important role in development of foetus (Sassi et al., 2018).
Term neonates with weight less than 2500gm is referred as low birth weight. They can be small for gestation (low birth weight ) or have intra uterine growth restriction (low birth weight ). Low birth weight babies are 40 times more prone for mortality than normal weight babies. Vitamin D is found to play a very important role in promoting foetal growth by influencing parathyroid hormone and calcium balance. There are many studies describing the importance of antenatal and postnatal maternal vitamin D in predicting the fetal and maternal outcome (von Websky et al., 2018).
The aim of this work was to study and investigate the relation between maternal vitamin D level in pregnancy and development of low birth weight neonates in Ain Shams Maternity Hospital.
This study was cross-sectional study carried out in Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams Maternity Hospital and carried on 60 pregnant female come in labour in Ain Shams Maternity Hospital. Their neonates after their birth were categorized into two groups, neonates with birth weight< 2500 gr (n=30) and neonates with birth weight>2500 gr (n = 30). ). Among normal healthy single term pregnant women (37-40 weeks), whose ages vary from 20-35 years old and BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; after excluding of eclampsia or preeclampsia, DM, polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios, multiple pregnancies, systemic and chronic diseases, anemia (Hgb < 10.5 mg/dl), drug abused or smoking and congenital fetal malformation or infection. Just after delivery, 2 cm of maternal venous blood withdrawn from the 60 pregnant women to make routine complete blood count to exclude anemia, then just after delivery, 2 cm of maternal blood withdrawn to assess maternal 25 Hydroxy vitamin D status using ELISA technique.
The results of this study showed that no significant difference between the two groups regarding basic demographic and clinical data including maternal age, parity, BMI, gestational age and mode of delivery, the birth weight in group I was less 2500 gm, with a mean of 2128.7±190.9 gms, and in group II was 3145.3±413.1 gms. Vitamin D level in group I ranged from 7.0-35.0 with mean value 12.65.7 and in group II ranged from 12.0-54.0 with mean value 28.18.5. There was statistical significant difference between the two studied groups regarding vitamin D level (P < 0.05). Vit. D category. In group I, deficient vit.D category was 10(33.%), insufficient was 19(63.3%) and sufficient was 1(3.3%) while in group II, there were 0(0.0%), 19(63.3%) and 11(36.7%) respectively. There was statistical significant difference between the two studied groups regarding Vit. D category (P < 0.05