الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is increasing among elderly populations. Cognitive functions impairment has been considered as a complication of hemodialysis.
Objective: Our aim was to assess the relation between cognitive impairment and prevalent hemodialysis to determine possible risk factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on 60 elderly patients. 30 patients were End Stage Renal disease (ESRD) under regular hemodialysis, considered as cases, they were assessed at baseline, after 6 and after 12 months. Other 30 patients were chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) not on hemodialysis, considered as controls, they were assessed at baseline only. Cognitive functions assessment was done by Mini Mental State examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive assessment (MoCA).
Results: As regard cases, the mean score of MMSE was 21.000 at baseline, 20.133 after 6 months and 19.600 after 12 months and the mean score of MoCA was 21.433 at baseline, 21.233, after 6 months and 20.567 after 12 months. As regard controls, the mean score of MMSE was 23.733 and mean score of MoCA was 23.567 at baseline. There was a statistically significant difference between cases and controls as regard MMSE (P value 0.044) & MoCA (P value 0.036). Cognitive functions were decreased in hemodialysis group during one year follow up (P value < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between cases and controls as regard Ankle brachial index (ABI) (P value 0.019).
Conclusion: Cognitive impairment was prominent and underdiagnosed in hemodialysis patients.