الفهرس 
MotivationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
There has been a continuous increase in electric power generation over the years to satisfy the population’s energy needs. Along with that, there has been another increase in the rating of the conventional synchronous generators, transmission lines, feeders and full dependence on
central large generating power stations. This continuous rehabilitation of the network structure and deteriorates the steady state and transient performance of power systems and consequently
Distributed Generation (DG) is introduced, as an alternative approach, offers several technical
and economic benefits. However, the limited amount of conventional energy sources and the international needs to reduce global warming and emission of the CO2 rendered the penetration
of the Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) into conventional power systems to substitute for shortage in conventional fossil energy and the continuous rehabilitation in the structure of Power Systems (PSs). Among the RESs the solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power generation
are attracting as producing clean energy and available worldwide. However, the stochastic and
static nature of RESs requires an extensive assessment of their impacts when incorporated into conventional PSs that is the object of this thesis. As an alternative to previous studies, the work described focuses on evaluating the effects of high penetration levels and optimal allocation of RESs on steady-state and transient performances. These objectives are investigated using the
standard IEEE 9-bus, IEEE 14-bus model and the West Delta Egyptian distribution network. Initially, the impacts of high penetration levels of PV sources into the power systems on the steady state and transient performance are detailed. The PV source is chosen to investigate the
high impacts due to its static nature. The Voltage Security Index (VSI) is proposed as a measure to choose the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) that reduces system losses and impacts on voltage profile. The results are presented in a comparative form, illustrating the impacts of high
penetration levels on steady state performance. Moreover, the impacts of high PV penetration on transient performance are also examined using detailed nonlinear models of all system components and PV sources. This is detailed via subjecting the models under study to a variety of disturbances. The thesis also proposed a method for mitigating the adverse transient impacts via upgrading the primary control of conventional generators and adding Power System
Stabilizers (PSS).
The optimal allocation of RESs is solved using the recently developed Oscillatory Particle Swarm Optimization (OPSO) that implemented using the considered models to obtain the optimal size and location of either concentrated or distributed RESs. For this purpose, the PV and wind energy sources are considered and the results are obtained using various performance indices as a single objective and as multi-objective using the weighted sum and Pareto weighting selection techniques. The results are presented in a comparison showing the
conditions for improvements in steady state performance and the optimal locations and sizes of distributed and concentrated RESs. The application of the Pareto technique shows that it
may need previous operation experience to choose the best solutions. The impacts of optimal allocation on transient performance are also obtained by obtaining and assessing the various models responses to different disturbances. The results illustrated that the impacts of renewable energy sources can be mitigated via the use of PSSs on some generators only. The results are
presented in comparison, illustrating the effects of type, location and rating of RESs.
Finally, the results, techniques and methodology used in this work are of special interest to power system engineers and a useful base for power system planning and operation.