الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The sea is an important source of new natural compounds. It has great
seasonal fluctuations of air and water temperatures. It is likely that these
unusual physical features led to the evolvement of a unique fauna and
flora typical only to this region. Consequently, The Red Sea is
considered as the richest marine area in biodiversity, this unique
biodiversity could be a rich source for novel bioactive substances.
Investigations point out that the alcyoniids constitute 77% of the Red
Sea soft corals. Sinularia, Lobophytum and Sarcophyton are the most
abundant Red Sea soft corals representing family Alcyoniidae.
A literature survey on the chemical constituents and the
pharmacological actions of different Sinularia species was done and it
was found that the active constituents isolated and identified from the
Sinularia species belong to several classes which are terpenes,
cembranoids and sterols.
Sinularia candidula is the subject of the present study. The aim of this
thesis is to investigate both the biological activity and the chemical
constituents of the Red Sea soft coral Sinularia candidula. The main
active fractions showed a promising anticancer activity against a variety
of cell lines including HeLa, PC3 and MCF-7 cell lines.
It was felt necessary, after the aforementioned promising biological
activities and the increasing reports about new compounds with high
therapeutic effectiveness, to do in depth investigations about Sinularia
candidula in order to explore its chemical constituents as a source of
novel secondary metabolites of promising biological value in order to be
able to develop it as a pharmaceutical product.
present work includes:
Investigation of the lipoidal matter of Sinularia candidula:
It was done to determine percentages of hydrocarbons and fatty
acids.
Evaluation of the anticancer activity of the total extract and the main
fractions:
Potential cytotoxic activities of the main fractions against HeLa, PC3,
MCF-7 and HCT cancer cell lines were measured by the Sulpho-
Rhodamine-B (SRB) assay. Ethyl acetate:methanol (75:25) fraction
displayed strong activity against HeLa cancer cell line, hexane:ethyl
acetate (1:1) fraction exhibited high potential cytotoxicity against PC3
cancer cell line and weak activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line, as
compared to Doxorubicin as control drug.
Chemical investigation of the soft coral Sinularia candidula including
isolation, identification and structural elucidation of the available
constituents:
The soft coral Sinularia candidula was collected by hand using Scuba
diving from Safaga at the Egyptian Red Sea. Flash silica column
chromatography (normal phase) of the soft coral MeOH/CH2Cl2 (1:1)
extract provided several fractions. Extensive chromatography afforded
thirteen metabolites. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds,
listed in table (38), was deduced on the basis of spectroscopic methods,
(MS, 1D and 2D NMR), physicochemical properties in addition to
comparison with literature data