الفهرس 
Effect of Additives to Membrane Casting Formulations on Its Performance in Desalination of Saline Water by the Pervaporation TechniqueOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Potable water is becoming a serious problem all around the earth recently specially in the present millennium. Due to shortage of fresh water in arid regions particularly in The Middle East, desalination technologies have developed to a large extent. However, well established techniques are being examined lately for producing simpler methods. To this end, in the present work desalination of saline water has been effected by sweeping air pervaporation. A simple setup was constructed on a lab scale for conducting the investigation. Innovated deacetylated cellulose acetate (CA) membranes were prepared by the phase-inversion technique, from specially formulated casting solutions mixtures composed of cellulose acetate which is dissolved in a mixture of certain organic solvents (dimethylformamide and acetone) to which some organic acids (caprylic-, capric-, lauric-, and palmitic acids) are added in order to improve the membranes performance as regards flux and salt rejection. Several examinations such as Scanning electronic microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle were investigated to determinate the membranes structure, characteristic and hydrophilicity respectively. Also the membranes thickness were determined. The experiments results were presented as flux, percent salt rejection (%SR ), pervaporate concentration (Cpv) and Activation Energy (Ea). Also separation Factor (α), enrichment factor (β), pervaporation and separation index (PSI) were computed.