الفهرس 
DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND ITS IMPLICATIONSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Medical personnel, especially the young aged, are increasingly using social media applications such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Instagram to relieve work stress and to maintain social relationships. Meanwhile, it is believed that using social media allow them to have two way communication with other healthcare professionals and sometimes with patients (Andreassen, 2015).
Medical internship (early years of professional clinical training for physicians following medical school graduation) provides a naturalistic chronic stress paradigm, being a time of high stress (Laconi, et al., 2015).
Social media addiction is defined as the excessive use of social media that begins to ruin daily, social and working life. Yet, the most defining symptom of social media addiction in young people is decline in functioning whether decrease in academic success or reduced work performance and inability to fulfill responsibilities towards family (Hazar, 2011).
Several studies have found that the addiction of social networks predicts depression (Donnelly & Kuss, 2016; Meena et al., 2015), relating the findings with other types of technological addictions and addictions in general (Odacı & Kalkan, 2010; Orsal et al., 2013; Sahin et al., 2013; Ozdemir et al., 2014).
Social media can blur the lines between the professional and the personal boundaries, causing slackening in ethical considerations including patient confidentiality and professional boundaries. However, this can be avoided by following General Medical Counseling (GMC) guidance (Cho, et al., 2014).
The Aim of this study was to measure prevalence of problematic social media use and to analyze its relationship to emotional distress; stress level, anxiety and depression among residents in Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUH) and academic demonstrators in Faculty of Medicine in addition to assessing the impact of emotional distress on the ethical use of social media among the same study group.
It was an observational cross-sectional study, conducted in Ain Shams University Hospitals (ASUH) including 200 of staff and medical school academics in Faculty of Medicine, starting from February 2018 to August 2019.
33 participants showed average social media use representing 16.5% while 167 participants showed problematic social media use representing 83.5%.
73 participants came normal representing 36.5%, 49 participants showed mild depression representing 24.5%, 24 participants showed borderline depression representing 12%, 39 participants showed moderate depression representing 19.5%, 7 participants showed severe depression representing 3.5% and 8 participants showed extreme depression representing 4%.
11 participants showed low stress levels representing 5.5%, 127 participants showed moderate stress levels representing 63.5% while 62 participants showed high stress levels representing 31%.
It was found that there is no significant relation between problematic social media use and emotional distress; depression, anxiety, stress and burnout.
Meanwhile, it was found that there is a significant relation between burnout and ethical use of social media while there was not any significant relation between depression, anxiety nor stress and ethical use of social media.
Moreover, it was found that there was a significant relation between problematic social media use and public criticism of the participants because of their posts’ content as well as participants’ belief of social media ability to alter communication with patients.
Furthermore, and on studying the relation between problematic social media use and various sociodemographic variables, there was a significant relation between problematic social media use and educational level, being the highest among participants with MBBCH.
It is worth mentioning that a relation between marital status and ethical use of social media was found, that patients used to contact singles more significantly via their personal profiles in relation to professional matters. Also, singles used to share patients’ experiences significantly higher than married participants.
Additionally, a significant relation between smoking and ethical considerations of social media use was found in the form of noticing higher search engines utilization as the standard means of collecting patients’ information, placing own business as check-in points on location based services and giving a pseudonym to posts among smokers.
On the other hand, there was a significant relation between certain occupational categories and ethical considerations of social media use. For instance, using certain expressions or sentences said by patients or students as a hashtag came the highest among academic personnel while getting access to social media websites while being on duty was found to be the highest among surgeons.
However, a positive correlation between problematic social media use and depression was found, which means that the more social media use, the more depression. In addition, a positive correlation between ethical considerations of social media use and burnout was found, which means that the more ethics, the more burnout.
Yet, a negative correlation between ethical considerations of social media use and depression was found as well as a negative correlation between problematic social media use and ethical considerations, which means that the more problematic social media use, the less ethical considerations.