الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of research is to assess the environmental impacts of SLR on Kuwait and Damietta coastal zones. The results indicate that the both study areas under serious threats of SLR. The land lowering rate in Damietta about 8.4 mm/year plays significant role in amplifying SLR impacts. Damietta about to loss from 254 km2 to 661 km2 if sea level rises from 1 m to 2 m. this potential rise in sea level may force about 16,366 person to 55,644 to abandon their homes causing economic losses range from 84.4 $ millions to 288.5 $ million. Kuwait may lose from 253.9 km2 to 845.3 km2 of its land if sea level rises from 0.5 m to 2 m. This potential rise in sea level may force 1.4% to 4.7% of country population living in coastal zones to abandon their homes causing losses in the residential sector ranging from 3.6$ to 11.7$ billion. On governmental level, the most governorates under serious threat of SLR are Al-Ahmadi followed by Al-Jahra then Kuwait City and Hawalli. Although the inundation area in Hawalli governorate is limited compared to other governorates, it has the highest impacts on people. This is due to the population density in Hawalli, which represents 22% of Kuwait’s population. The economic cost of residential sector due to SLR in Hawalli is excessively high compared to other governorates because of the same reasons. The next most governorate under serious risk of SLR is Kuwait City. Moreover, Boubyan Island will face an excessive risk of SLR that can affect 22% to 33.5% of its territory if the sea level rises by 0.5 m to 1 m, respectively. The low laying zone of Boubyan island is greatly covered by intertidal flat that account for 44% of island’s area. At worst-case scenario, more than half of Boubyan island can be inundated due SLR, which threatens any future development in the vulnerable zones. Failakah island, which is the second largest island after Boubyan island, is about to lose 12.4% to 18.5% of its land if sea level rises to 0.5 m and 1 m, respectively. Thus, it has lesser losses compared to Boubyan Island due to topographic differences between the two islands. However, both islands are about to face the worst consequences of SLR with a loss that ranges from 46.8% to 57% in Boubyan and 42.6% to 56.2 in Failakah if sea level rises to 1.5 m and 2 m, respectively. The Kuwait has demographic statistics greater than Damietta but the potential consequences of SLR on Damietta are disastrous compare to Kuwait. The main factor responsible for that is the land lowering in Nile Delta and the rate of subsidence in Damietta region is the highest in the Delta. In addition, there no any natural barriers along coast of Damietta to prevent inundation of urban area if sea level advanced. Kuwait is larger than Damietta but the impacts of SLR are less risky. Geologically, Kuwait locates in stable shelf so the vertical movement of land is insignificant. The major contribution of SLR risks is the overpopulated areas located close to coastline that threaten the human health if sea level rose. The decision makers should response appropriately to these losses and its consequences on people and economic. The plan of adaptation program to climate change and SLR should be priority incorporate to national strategy plan as the rate of SLR is moving very fast. They must develop and implement long-range plans to minimize the economic impacts of sea-level rise to natural resource-based industries.