Search In this Thesis
   Search In this Thesis  
العنوان
ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL ANTIMUTAGENIC AND ANTICARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS USING SOME BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS INCLUDING RADIOISOTOPES TECHNIQUE /
المؤلف
MOHAMMED, MARWA MAHMOUD EL-ATTAR.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / MARWA MAHMOUD EL-ATTAR MOHAMMED
مشرف / Fatthy Mohammed Abdel-Tawab
مشرف / Hedaya Ahmed Kamel
مناقش / Hedaya Ahmed Kamel
تاريخ النشر
2019.
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
الدكتوراه
التخصص
العلوم الزراعية والبيولوجية
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2019
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية الزراعة - الوراثة
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

from 136

from 136

Abstract

Traditional medicine has a long history of serving peoples all over the world. Thus, in recent years, the use of traditional medicine information on plant research has received considerable interest.
Medicinal plants become the “backbone” of traditional medicine, where more than 3.3 billion people in developing countries have been using these plants regularly. Medicinal plants are considered as rich resource of ingredients that can be used in drugs development and synthesis such as blood thinners, antibiotics, anticancer and anti-malarial medications. Likewise, the active ingredients of vinblastine and vincristine are alkaloids derived from periwinkle plant Catharanthus roseus which are considered beneficial in some cancer treatments.
Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic of the two Egyptian medicinal plants; Zygophyllum album and Suaeda palaestina using in vitro system (Human cell lines) and in vivo system (Ehrlich solid tumour mice).
The results can be summarized as follows:
1. Samples of Z. album and S. palaestina trees were collected from two different regions of South Sinai and Borg El-Arab-Alexandria, respectively, these halophytes were systematically identified at Flora and Phyto-Taxonomy Research Section, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
2. Plants were extracted by different solvents; dichloromethane, methanol and hot water. Potential anticancer activity of each extract was assessed against human lung carcinoma (A-549) cell lines to identify the best extraction solvent. Results showed that the dichloromethane extracts of both plants were significantly active against the human lung carcinoma (A-549) with IC50
85
SUMMARY
Marwa M. El-Attar, (2019), Ph.D., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
values of Z. album at 70.48 μg/ml and S. palaestina at 34.82 μg/ml.
3. Anticancer activity of dichloromethane extracts were tested on HepG2 (Liver cancer cell) and THLE2 (normal cell) cell lines by MTT assay, Z. album and S. palaestina crude extracts inhibited the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) which recorded IC50 values of 27.74 μg/ml and 30.76 μg/ml respectively, while no cytotoxic activity was observed against normal liver (THLE2) cells for Z. album (IC50= 1485 μg/ml) and 1442 μg/ml for S. palaestina. These results are comparable to that of cisplatin (standard anticancer drug) which was used as a positive control on HepG2, (20.15μg/mL) and the IC50 value of normal liver THLE2 (645.7 μg/mL).
4. The relationships between increasing inhibition % of liver cancer cells (HepG2) and the anti-proliferative effect of Z. album and S. palaestina were detected using flow cytometry. Results revealed that crude extracts at IC50 values of 27.74μg/ml and 30.76 μg/ml, respectively, affected cell cycle distribution on HepG2 cells compared with the control group. The percentage of HepG2 cells at the G2/M phase was elevated after incubation with Z. album (47%) and S. palaestina extracts (51%) as compared to the control (14%). These results suggested that both plants repressed the cellular proliferation of HepG2 cells through G2/M phase arrest of cell cycle.
5. It is well established that cancer cells are usually characterized with upregulation cyclin B1 and CDK1 expression levels. However, HepG2 cancer cells treated with Z. album or S. palaestina exhibited down-regulation of these genes.
6. The expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes p53, Bcl-2 and Caspase 3 in HepG2 were assessed by quantitative real time
86
SUMMARY
Marwa M. El-Attar, (2019), Ph.D., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ.
PCR to determine the ability of Z. album and S. palaestina to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells, compared with untreated group. Our results indicated that the expression level of p53 and Caspase 3 were up-regulated. In contrast, the expression level of Bcl-2 gene was down-regulated.
7. The tumor size of Ehrlich mice treated with low and high doses of Z. album and S. palaestina were markedly lower than that of the control group.
8. The protein expression levels of p53, caspase 3, and Bcl-2 were assessed by western blotting technique. The results showed that both Z. album and S. palaestina extracts have induced apoptosis in Ehrlich solid tumour (EST) cells mainly via over-expression of p53 and caspase 3 genes, while Bcl-2 was down-regulated.
9. Single cell gel-electrophoresis (comet assay) was used for assessment of DNA fragmentation in an Ehrlich solid tumor mice cells which were treated by Z. album and S. palaestina. Results indicated that these plants have a genotoxic potential as they demonstrated their ability to cause DNA damage and fragmentations in solid tumor cells.
10. The T3 and T4 levels in EST blood samples were measured by radioimmunoassay technique. The results of radioassay test revealed that Z. album or S. palaestina have caused significantly reduced the concentrations of T3, and significant increase of T4 compared to the Ehrlich solid tumor mice group. These results confirm the relationship between thyroid diseases and breast cancer. Both an excess of or lack of thyroid hormones may affect breast development and progression to cancer.
11. The results suggest that Zygophyllum album and Suaeda palaestina could be considered good candidate species as a natural source of anticancer agents