الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Drug targetingto macrophages has unlocked new approachesto treat several diseases and specially lung diseases such as tuberculosis, asthma, cancer and bacterial infection. Mean while, the adjustment of physicochemical properties of the inhaled particles significantly improves the therapeutic outcomes through improved drug uptake by macrophages.
In general, macrophage targeting is either accomplished through microparticles with diameter (0.5 -5 μm) or nanoparticle systems. Aerosolized microparticles, having a mass median aerodynamic diameter of 3-5 μm, are typically known to be optimal for pulmonary delivery and have been known to be engulfed by alveolar macrophages via phagocytosis. Physicochemical properties of drug delivery system (i.e., size, shape and surface charge) are critical for both aerosolization andeffective alveolar macrophage targeting.
The macrophages targeting is classified into passive targeting or active targeting. Passive targeting includes the optimization of various physical and chemical characteristics such as particle size, shape or surface charges. Active targeting requires modification with ligands to receptors specific to macrophagesThese parameters act to control particles’ attachment, transport and subsequent uptake by macrophages.Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are examples of lipid-based nanoparticles that combine the advantages of polymeric nanoparticles such as controlled release and protection of active compound in addition to better safety profile.
The present thesis aims at developing Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for improved macrophage targeting of linezolid for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
In addition to development of active targeted nanocarriers through mannosylation of SLNs. Further investigations were then performed for producing nanoparticle embedded microparticle via spray drying for appropriate in vivoaerosol deposition.