الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
S
urvival of preterm babies has increased worldwide, with a concomitant decrease in severe neonatal morbidity. However, the risk of neurodevelopmental and behavioral disabilities remains high in children and in adults who were born preterm.
Developmental delay rather than survival is now recognized as the main problem in children born preterm.
Early identification of children at risk of later developmental difficulties may increase the access to formal evaluation and subsequent early intervention, potentially influencing the course of otherwise persistent difficulties.
The Bayley Scales of Infant Development is usually the assessment of choice for neurodevelopmental evaluation between 18 and 30 months. However, it is costly and time consuming, requires trained staff, and cannot be applied routinely to all children born preterm, particularly at more than 32 weeks’ gestation where numbers are much greater.
The current study was designed to be a descriptive study with retrospective (50 infants) and prospective (50 infants) domains. It was carried out on 100 neonates who were recruited from the Pediatric Neonatology Clinic, Children’s Hospital and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ain Shams University.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the current and follow up neurodevelopmental status of an Egyptian sample of newly and previously discharged mechanically ventilated infants following them up for a period of 6 months for the earlier group and a year for the latter using clinical evaluation, Bayley Scales of Infant Development, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS).
The study results showed that there was no statistical significant difference between two groups as regards gestational age, gender, residency, consanguinity, maternal disease, maturity, mode of delivery, respiratory distress, duration of stay in NICU, duration on mechanical ventilation, weight on admission, audiometry and fundus examination (P>0.05).
There was statistically significant negative correlation between CARS score and Bayley Scale by using Composite Score (Cognitive, Language and Motor) on first assessment and follow up in the Prospective group while no correlation was found in the retrospective group.
In the prospective group a significant positive correlation was reported between score of CARS scale and duration of stay in NICU and duration on mechanical ventilation but it was negative with gestational age and weight on admission. also Bayley scale results in follow up showed a significant positive correlation between Bayley scale using Composite Score (Cognitive and language) and gestational age, weight on admission (Cognitive only), while a negative correlation was found between Bayley scale by using Composite score (Cognitive) and duration of stay in NICU and duration on mechanical ventilation.
In the retrospective group no correlation was found between score of CARS scale and duration of stay in NICU, duration on mechanical ventilation, gestational age and weight on admission. Bayley scale results in follow up showed a significant positive correlation between Bayley scale using Composite Score (Language) and weight on admission(r = 0.345, p 0.014), while a negative correlation was found between Bayley scale by using Composite score (Cognitive) and duration of stay in NICU(r = -0.335, p 0.017) and duration on mechanical ventilation (r = - 0.284, p 0.045).