الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In the recent years, the younger granites in Egypt attracted a great of interest, due to their association with uranium anomalous and its economically important. Nuclear Materials Authority (NMA) considered the granitic rocks as one of the most important sources of uranium deposits so it conducted exploration programs to search for uranium mineralizations in Egyptian Deserts. These programs led to the discovery of radioactive anomalies and uranium mineralizations in the Northern, Central and Southern Eastern Desert of Egypt, besides Sinai.
The aim of this study is to discriminate uraniferous granite and determine the common characteristic as well as the spectral features of these granites as a template to aid the recognition of radioactive mineralization in the similar granites of Egypt. Therefore, an applicable model was designed and implemented to facilitate the manipulation of satellite image data, to support a flexible implementation of methods used to discriminate the desired granite. Moreover, this model can be applyied in other areas to successfully expect the location of the other uraniferous granites in the Egyptian Deserts.
The study relied on 1) Satellite digital images of the visible near-infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) ASTER level L1B data, and 2) Airborne data of the Uranium (eU), Thorium (eTh), Potassium (40K) and Total Count (TC) as text files.
This study aimed to integrate the ASTER imagery and airborne gamma-ray spectrometry data and manipulate these data for providing uraniferous granitic patterns using image processing techniques; and to explore the radioactive materials in granite. It also aimed to analyze these patterns to produce accurate potential maps for the fertile granites using GIS techniques in the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt.
The appropriate atmospheric correction method in this study is the Internal Average Relative Reflectance (IARR) which provides the most closely match spectra.
For better recognizing spectral signature anomalies, Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) transformation has been applied to figure out which bands comprehend the coherent images, therefore eliminating noise from the multispectral data through calculating the eigenvalues of the image. It is found that to remove noise with eigenvalues’ value will be close to two.
Several tools and techniques have been applied on the available data for the purpose of mapping mineralization and/or alteration zones such as false color composites (FCC), band ratio (BR), principal component analysis (PCA), decorrelation stretch, spectral angle mapper (SAM) and matched filtering (MF).
The images of the study areas were categorized using the Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique (ISODATA) unsupervised image classification method. Different small areas were chosen to represent training samples of the region of interest in the study areas. Then, the characteristics for these samples were studied and were consequently manipulated using GIS techniques to predict potential map of the fertile Granite.
The study recommended the usage of remote sensing techniques in studying land use which is considered to be as one of the less costly and higher spatial, spectral, temporal and radiometric resolutions in studying areas.