الفهرس 
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease. Albuminuria has long been used for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy although it is limited by the fact that structural damage might precede albumin excretion. This necessitates identifying more specific biomarkers for diagnose or predict chronic diabetic kidney disease (CDKD). The objective of this study is to evaluate s- copeptin and heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) as predictor markers of chronic diabetic kidney disease (CDKD) in type 2 Egyptian diabetic patients.
Ninety five Egyptian subjects were included and classified as follows: healthy control subjects, hypertensive subjects, normotensive subjects suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without chronic kidney disease group, subjects with chronic diabetic kidney disease and are treated with renin–angiotensin– aldosterone system inhibitors group, and subjects with CDKD not treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors group. Serum copeptin and H-FABP were measured by ELISA technique. The levels of lipid profile, renal markers (s-creatinine, u-creatinine, BUN, e-GFR) and glycemic markers were investigated. The results showed a highly significant increase in the levels of s-copeptin and s-creatinine, a moderate increase in H-FABP level, and a highly significant decrease in e-GFR levels in patients’ groups compared to control subjects.
The diagnostic performance study revealed that, s-copeptin and HFABP showed a less diagnostic value in DM patient group. In hypertensive patient group s-copeptin showed highest diagnostic information, while H-FABP showed a less accuracy. However in CDKD patient groups, s-creatinine and s-copeptin provided the highest diagnostic value followed by H-FABP according to the area under the curve.
In conclusion, s-copeptin is helpful for the identification of chronic diabetic kidney disease (treated and/or untreated) patients with high risk for a decline in renal function.