الفهرس 
Chapter (1) Introduction and Historical ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Sun is one of the most important sources of renewable energy, as it is the main source of energy that can meet our needs over the coming years, which highlighted the urgent need to promote the use of solar energy based on increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic systems (cells/modules) to the maximum extent. To achieve this goal, the present study has been interested in many theoretical and practical studies of the expanded electrical and thermal characteristics of silicon cells/modules, also designing, implementation and application of several models of concentrated photovoltaic systems, to increase the concentration of light intensity, depending on the convergence lenses and flat glass mirrors. In this regard, a study of the morphology of elemental composition and the spectral transmittance, of the used lenses ( convex -and Fresnel –lenses), applying the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Infrared Spectrophotometer (FT-IR) showed increasing of silicon in the selected samples, which leds to high optical quality of the lenses.
Also, the thesis includes the application of thermoelectric devices as a catalyst to reduce the cell temperature, leading to a significant improvement of its performance, in addition to harvest additional electrical energy.
Finally, different mathematical models were designed and programmed, to computer, for both PV cell/module and designing the parabolic mirror concentrator to insure the compatibility between experimental and simulated data.
In this regard, the study includes the following:
First: A detailed study of the electrical characteristics of both PV cell/module (in-door and out-door), as well thermoelectric devices (in-door) under the influence of a wide illumination levels range.
Second: Studying the effect of a wide temperature range (from 14 ℃ up to 63 ℃) on the electrical characteristics of PV cells.
Third: Designing and implementation of different concentrated photovoltaic systems based on converge lenses (convex and Fresnel), with different focal lengths and diameters, as well flat mirrors with different geometrical designs (flat plate, V-trough, double V-trough, octagon aperture and parabolic).
Fourth: Practical applications of concentrated photovoltaic systems.
Fifth: Application of photovoltaic cell hybridization techniques for cooling were investigated based on water/ice media and/or thermoelectric device.
Sixth: Computer modeling and programming applying MATLAB/ SIMULINK packages were used for PV characterizations. Besides, parabola calculator program version 2.0 was used for designing the parabolic mirror concentrator system.