الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Egypt today faces many challenges due to lack of water , the population of Egypt is the main cause of it is problem , it made us turn to use if hydrogel down the root zone area to turf which was good irrigation method to provide water and at the same time give the plant its need without waste , where it is a unique material in terms of its ability to absorb water and its resistance to degradation they are gelation placed under the surface at specific distances that absorb water quickly and retain large amounts of it .
A laboratory experiment was conducted In the Central Laboratory in the Department of Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture - Ain Shams University to study the irrigation interval day around effective root zone for turf , used three treatments (spray , SDI and hydrogel ) by measuring the moisture content every day in soil and then determine irrigation interval time for every irrigation treatment.
A field experiment was carried out on one of the landscape plants at the landscape area of faculty of agriculture , Ain shams university , shoubra El- khaima with coordinates N = 30° 06’ 46.9” , E = 31° 4’ 47.3”
And study three treatments of irrigation ( spray – SDI – hydrogel ) , and every treatment will be around three replicates , on sign turf , to determine, the best distribution root zone for every treatment.
Results of laboratory experiment showed the following:
Through the laboratory experiment, the distance between the irrigation was calculated under three treatments (spray – SDI – hydrogel).
Period between irrigation under spray irrigation was daily for a quarter of an hour and under the SDI irrigation was daily for half an hour , while under the hydrogel treatment was done every four days because the wilt point of soil was 9% , field capacity of soil was 22% .Results of field experiment showed the following :
The average water consumption in the presence of hydrogel was lower by 75.6% and 69% compared with ( spray and SDI ) treatments resp. , in the winter season , it was lower by 75.6% and 69.4% compared with ( spray and SDI) treatments resp. , in the spring season , it was lower by 21% , 69% compared with (spray and SDI ) irrigation treatments resp. , in the summer season , and it was lower by 81.7% and 76.8% compared with ( spray and SDI) irrigation treatments resp. , in the autumn season. This is due to the hydrogel’s ability to hold water and a large period between irrigation when using hydrogel in the soil.
The total annual water consumption less by 77.3% and 71.3% when using hydrogel material compared with (spray and SDI) irrigation treatments resp. This is due to the loss of water in spray irrigation treatment by evaporation , more than ( SDI and hydrogel ) treatments .
The hydrogel treatment has highest water saving by 166% and 69% compared with ( SDI and hydrogel ) irrigation treatments resp. , because the hydrogel’s ability to hold water and a large period between irrigation when using hydrogel in the soil .
The SDI treatment has highest electrical saving by 35.7% and 293% compared with (spray and hydrogel) irrigation treatments resp., because the working pressure at SDI lower than spray , so give electrical consumption less than other treatments (spray and hydrogel ).
The turf quality index (color , density , ground cover) give high degree at hydrogel treatment compared with other irrigation treatments ( SDI , spray ) . This is due to the hydrogel have many materials , both naturally occurring and synthetic and ability of water saving around root zone of turf . the average of soil moisture contents at (10cm,15cm) depth of soil in hydrogel treatment was highest compared with ( Spray , SDI) irrigation systems resp.
Hydrogel treatment gave the best moisture distribution around the root at a depth of 15cm , 10cm from soil compared with other treatments (SDI , spray).
Recommendation:
Hydrogel is preferred under landscape to provide the water consumed by comparison using (spray , sub surface drip ) to improve the moisture content around the root zone due to the use of hydrogel and give good appearance in terms of color , density , ground cover of the landscape.