الفهرس 
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Abstract
Patient safety is a foundation in healthcare delivery.
Ensuring patient safety requires the ongoing, focused
efforts of every member of the healthcare team.
Worldwide, patients are exposed to medical errors or
adverse events, which are preventable through improving
patient safety culture. This would undoubtedly improve
patient satisfaction. In fact, safety and satisfaction are both
manifestations of an underlying hospital culture committed
to meet or exceed patient expectation.
The study was aimed at assessing nurses’
awareness of patient safety culture, assessing patient
satisfaction level with the quality of the care, and finding
out the relation between nurses’ awareness of patient
safety culture and patient satisfaction. It was carried out
at Dar–El Shefa Hospital using a cross-sectional analytic
design. It included a convenience sample of 106 staff
nurses with one or more experience years in the setting,
and 212 of adult patients under their care. Data were
collected using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety
culture (HSPSC) questionnaire for nurses‘ awareness of
patient safety culture, and a patient satisfaction questionnaire for patients. The tools were subjected to
vigorous revision by experts, pilot-tested, and had high
reliability. The fieldwork lasted from August 2015 to
January 2016.
The main study findings were as following.
Nurses‘ age ranged between 18 and 54 years, and 85.8%
had a diploma degree in nursing; the medians of total
and current unit experience were 6.5 and 1.0 years, and
98.1% had previous training in patient safety.
Nurses‘ awareness of patient safety culture was highest
regarding the hospital-related aspects (56.6%).
In total, 34.9% of the nurses had high awareness of
patient safety culture.
Significantly more nurses working in morning shifts
were having high awareness of unit-level patient safety
culture.
Significantly more nurses with five or more current
experience years had high awareness of outcome-level
patient safety culture.
Patients‘ age ranged between 18 and 82 years, with
52.8% females, mostly having basic/secondary education (43.9%), urban residence (84.4%), and
sufficient income (71.2%).
Patient satisfaction was high for nurses (88.2% and
physicians (86.8%), and in general satisfaction (88.7%),
while only 17.0% were satisfied with support staff.
In total, 24.1% of the patients were overall satisfied.
The percentages of totally satisfied patients tended to
significantly decrease with increasing level of education,
and was higher among urban residents.
Nurses‘ total safety culture awareness score had a
significant positive correlation with their current
experience years (r=0.232).
The number of events reported had positive correlations
with nurses‘ age and experience, and a negative
correlation with their level of qualification (r=-0.202).
Patients‘ satisfaction with access had significant positive
correlations with their age (r=0.172) and the duration of
illness (r=0.157).
In multivariate analysis:
o Working shifts was a significant independent
negative predictor of nurses‘ safety culture score.Patients‘ age was a significant independent positive
predictor of the patients‘ satisfaction score.
In ecologic analysis, significant negative correlations
were revealed between the score of patient satisfaction
with support staff and nurses‘ scores of awareness of
hospital-level and outcome level patient safety culture.
In conclusion, nurses in the study setting lack
awareness of patient safety culture. Their awareness is only
influenced by working in shifts. Patients‘ satisfaction is
also low, especially with support staff, and seems to be not
correlated to nurses‘ awareness of patient safety culture.
The study recommends that the hospital
administration exerts more efforts to foster the concept of
patient safety culture, with emphasis on deficient areas as
communication openness and hospital management
support. The reporting of incidents should be encouraged as
an opportunity for learning rather than a source of
punishment. Periodic regular surveys of patient safety
culture should be conducted, with efforts to improve
patients‘ satisfaction. The area of support staff, being a
major source of patients‘ dissatisfaction needs urgent
intervention through training and close supervision. Further
research is proposed to assess the relation between nurses‘awareness of patient safety culture and patients‘
satisfaction using a paired design in a case management
system in order to overcome the limitations of the ecologic
design and analysis.