الفهرس 
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Abstract
from the present results it could be concluded that dietary Nano Selenium supplementation at 0.3mg/kg (DM) in the ration for four months led to
- An improve in body weight which could be due to the protective ability of Nano Se on phospholipid of cell membranes, together with lipoproteins and DNA against damage by reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, Se plays a major role in metabolism of thyroid hormones and testosterone synthesis known to be involved in growth mechanisms.
- An improve in semen characteristics (volume, motility and concentration).
- An improve in the survival rate and the percentage of progressive motility of rams spermatozoa diluted and stored at room temp (25:30º c) or cold temp (5º c), in three different Extenders (Tes tris, Tris citric acid and Na citrate).
- NSe supplementation had insignificant effect on hematological blood parameters (Hb, PCV, RBCs and WBCs). However, there was positive significant effect on biochemical blood parameters such as concenteration of Selenium, Thyroid hormones especially T3, Testosterone and (TAC) in plasma of treated rams
For Ewes: Dietry NSe supplementation had statistically insignificant effect on body weight changes. However, body weight was increased from month to month post-treatment. Also, colostrum, milk yield and milk composition were significantly improved and increased post lambing particularly milk fat and milk lactose.
- The reproductive traits of the Ossimi ewes were improved as a result of NSe dietary supplementation, Fertility (Lambing %) and prolificacy in the experimental treated ewes. Additionally, Barrenness % was decreased. Furthermore, the mortality rate from birth to weaning in lambs born to those ewes that had received NSe was lower.
- Maternal pre-lambing dietary NSe supplementation significantly increased the body weight of their lambs, however The birth weight in the NSe group was not significantly higher than that in the control group.
- NSe supplementation had insignificant effect on hematological blood parameters of rams and ewes (Hb, PCV, RBCs and WBCs). However, there was positive significant effect on biochemical blood parameters such as concenteration of Selenium, Thyroid hormones, Progesterone and (TAC) in plasma.
Generally, from the present results it was found that dietary Nano-Selenium supplementation at 0.3 mg NSe/kg for both Ossimi rams and ewes for a certain period of time either pre and during mating period or pre-lambing resulted in a significant increase in selenium concentration of blood that led to a positive increase in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in blood and subsequently in body tissues which positively activated metabolic enzymes in body organs resulted in increasing of body weight and testicular size as a result of increasing thyroid gland activity (T3&T4) and Testicular functions (Testosterone synthesis and sperm production) which led to a positive effect on semen quality and storageability that led to increasing its fertilizing ability and lambing rate obtained in this study in the fertility trial, that was conducted at the end of this manuscript, using both treated and untreated Ossimi rams and ewes. Also, the positive effect of dietary Nano-Se supplementation pre-lambing was reflected in significant increase of colostrum production and daily milk yield and higher milk quality that was reflected in decreasing mortility rate and increasing lambs body weight and weaning weight in supplemented group compared with the unsupplemented basal ration.
Therefore, it could be recommended to supply the basal ration for sheep feeding with a certain level of selenium in the source of Nano particals due to its higher bioavailability, catalytic, immune function and as an antioxidant and lower toxicity.