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العنوان
Txonomical ,Chemical and Genetical studies on some taxa of Malvaceae in Egypt \
المؤلف
Mahfouz, Zeinab Mahrous Ahmed.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / زينب محروس أحمد محفوظ
مشرف / ثريا رشاد محمد
مشرف / وفاء مرسي سعيد
مشرف / عبير أحمد الحلوجى
تاريخ النشر
2018.
عدد الصفحات
225 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
ماجستير
التخصص
علوم النبات
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2018
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية البنات - النبات
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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Abstract

This study focused on the relationships among 12 species )cultivated and wild)related to four subfamilies ( Bombacoidea,Grewioideae, Malvoideae ,and Sterculioideae) belong to family Malvaceae sensu lato ,which is contriversal family belonging to an order Malvales , these plants commonly present in Egypt and have high economical importance .
This work aimed to elucidatethe taxonomicrelationships andgenetic variability among studied species , we selected 12 speciec collected from different localites in Egypt (Cairo,Giza,Monofia and Dakhlia Governorates ).
These species are:Adansonia digitata L. ,Ceiba speciosa(A. St.-Hil.),Pachira glabrapasq. ,Corchorus olitoriusL.,Grewia asiatica L. ,Abelmoschus esculentus L.,Hibiscus sabdariffa L, Malva parvifloraL.Sida spinosa L.,Brachychiton discolor F.Muell, Firmiana simplex Land Pterygota alata Roxb .
The relationship based on data obtained frommorphological characters of whole plants, anatomical characters of stems and leaves, beside that the chemical study was done and also investigated their genomic DNA banding patterns by employing (RAPD and ISSR) methods.
The data obtained from morphological and anatomical characterization were observed and presented in cumulative tables , plates and dendograms ,these data cladistically analyzed using the unweighted pair groupmethod with arithmetic average (UPGMA) based on the PAST software program.
In chemical study Analysis of Variance method (ANOVA1) used to differentiated between percentage of chemical compounds determined in these plants. In RAPD and ISSR methods , five RAPD, six ISSR primers were used to determin relationship and distinguish the genetic variability.
First : Taxonomical study :
a- Macromorphological study of whole plant :
Using of 72 morphological(60 qualitative and 12 quantitative)traies , to differentiate between studied species,and the most diagonestic featurs in morphological attributes were ; differentiation in leaf ( shape ,size and apex) , petiol length , flowers and fruies ( shape and size ) , the most results pbtained were that ,present of aggregate fruits and absence of petals in three species related to subfamily Sterculioideae(Brachychitondiscolor ,Firmiana simplex L.andSterculia alata Roxb ) .
b- Micromorphologicalcharacterization of stem and leaf :
30 anatomical characters for stems and leaves of 12 species were used . Occurance and distribution of crystals and hairs which were the main diagnostic featurs ,and absence of collernchyma tissues in Adansonia digitata L. , Ceiba speciosa , Corchorus olitoriusL., Grewia asiatica L. . also stem pith size , different shape of middle vascular bundles in leaves between studied species .
Dendrogram resulted from macro-micromorphologicaldata separated 12 species into 4 groups ; Sterculioideae , Bobacoideae, Malvoideae , Malvoideae and Grewideae together ,while only species (C.olitorius )belongs to Grewioideae was out of groups .
Seconed : Chemical study :
a -Determination of total carbohydrates ,total protein and total phenolic compounds :
The results obtained were presented in UPGMA dendogram using PAST softwere program and results were showed that ; C. speciosa and F.simplex were identical , H.sabdariffa and A.digitata alsowere identical, group containedB. discolor ,P.alata
and A.esculentus . group contained M.parviflora ,S.spinosa and
c.olitorius,while P.glabra present in the same group with H.sabdariffa , A.digitataand G.asitica .
b- Determination of vitamine (C) :
The high percentage of vit.(C) were found in A. digitata leaves (218.45± 8.02)andH.sabdariffa calyces(211.24±40.40), while the lowest percentage was in P.glabra and A.esculentus fruites (38.91±16.47 and 74.15±15.26) consequently .
c- Determination of total protein and oil percentage in seeds of studied species :
The high percentage of total protein was in C.speciosa(27.63±0.46) while the lowest( 9.12±0.24) in G.asitica , B.discolorrecorded the high percentage in seed oil(9.05±0.25) and S.spinosa was the lowest (5.33±0.05) .
Third :Molecular markers analysis:
The differentiation between species was employedon their genomic DNA banding patterns to income the taxonomical and genetical relation ships between them.
a-Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) markers:
RAPD was used in genetic variation between 12 studied species , because it is still the fastest m easiest ,cheapest and effective way.
Five random primers were used for determination of genetical RAPD fingerprintingOP-A02, OP-A18,OP-C03, OP-E15,OP-Q18 . The primers amplified 37 bands ,14bands were monomorphic bands and 23 were polymorphic ,4 of them were specific. The polymorphism percentage was (62.16‰) and the bands ranged in size between 335-775bp. The primer OP-C03gave the highest polymorphism percentage of bands (100‰) ,while the primer OP-A02produced the lowest polymorphism percentage of bands (28.57‰).
b-Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR-PCR)
The number of ISSR fragments generated by using six primers 14A ,44B, HB-08, HB-09, HB-13,HB-15were40 bands with polymorphism percentage of (62.5‰) ,15 bands were monomorphic and 25 bands were polymorphic which included 6 specific bands , the bands ranged in size between 315-885 bp.
The results obtained using 11 primers of RAPD and ISSR separated 12 species as following groups :
1-A. digitata ,C. olitorius and G. asitica
2-P. glabra,M. parviflora and F . simplexe
3-C. speciosa ,B. discolor andP alata
4- H. sabdariffa,A. esculentus and S. spinosa.
Morphological , anatomical and molecular methods used in this study determined the phylogenetic relationship and find a new markers that help in their specific characterization, also determination of some chemical compounds verified the importance of these family plants which used in many fields and using of numerical analysis proved to suggest that Malvaceae can be separated into two distinct clusters ;the first contained (Grewioideae )species which characterized by high genetic diversity than the rest species , and the seconed cluster contained three subfamilies (Malvoideae ,Bombacoideae and sterculioideae ) ,these result may imply that, they had common ancestor , the two clusters joined to form one, signifying genetic differences amongst them.