الفهرس 
Basics of SpeechOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This thesis is an analytical study of phonology, which examines the qualitysensitive
stress of 51 selected transliterated Islamic terminologies. Ezzat (2010)
explains that the Islamic words nowadays have a great impact in the world since
9/11, as people across the whole world started to read about the Islamic religion.
Consequently, most of the Islamic terms are borrowed from its original Modern
Standard Arabic (MSA) into English, such as the following borrowed
transliterated Islamic terminologies: Minbar which means (pulpit) (Adamec,
2009, p. 253), Fitrah which means (innate goodness and purity) (Oliver &
Steinberg, 2005, pp. 135, 204), and ʼUmmah which means (community) (Burke,
2015, p. 33). As the transliterated Islamic terms were copied into the English
language, some of it resisted the phonological stress of English and preserved
its own MSA stress. However, some non-native speakers of Arabic language
pronounce Arabic words incorrectly by stressing its wrong syllables. Hence, the
goal of this thesis is intended to show the exact articulation of Modern Standard
Arabic by testing the most sonorous vowel of the transliterated Islamic
terminology to decide its most optimal stress as ̏ vowel quality plays a role in
determining the location of stress˝ (McCarthy, 2004, p. 191).
As a result, 51 transliterated Islamic terms have been selected to be the
corpus of study. Therefore, this examination adopts the quality-sensitive stress
theory of Michael Kenstowicz (1997) within the framework of Optimality
Theory (OT) (McCarthy 2004, pp. 191-200). For achieving this purpose, the
thesis is organized as follows: an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion.
The introduction of this study consists of six sections: first section states that the
transliterated Islamic terminologies were used extensively after the 9/11 attacks.
Second point is the aim of the thesis; it tests selected transliterated Islamic terms
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by adopting Kenstowicz’s theory of quality-sensitive stress (1997) according to
MSA utterance. Concerning the third section, it is about conducting
Kenstowicz’s theory of quality-sensitive stress (1997) within the framework of
Prince and Smolensky’s OT (1993). Fourth point is about the previous studies
of Kenstowicz’s theory of quality-sensitive stress (1997). As for the fifth
section, it is about the application of this study. Sixth and final point displays
the division of this thesis into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion.
Chapter one gives an introductory study of phonetics and phonology that
presents the basics of speech, and they are phoneme, production, description,
and classification of speech sounds, syllable, and finally stress. Chapter two is a
theoretical study as it shows the theory of the thesis, thus, this chapter is
organized as follows: optimality theory, quality-sensitive stress, borrowing,
transliteration, and finally Arabic language. Lastly, chapter three is an analytical
chapter as it examines 51 selected transliterated Islamic terminologies. This
chapter is divided into four groups: transliterated Islamic terms of two syllables,
transliterated Islamic terminologies of three syllables, transliterated Islamic
terms of four syllables, and transliterated Islamic terminologies of five syllables.
Then each transliterated Islamic term is divided into two sections: A and B.
Section A illustrates the word into six points: Source of transliterated
terminology, transcription (according to Modern Standard Arabic dictionaries),
pronunciation (according to YouTube website), function, definition, and
original sentence. Concerning Section B, it discusses the word into two points:
Stress location; each selected term is examined by a detailed explanation of the
correct stress location with an OT tableau, and pitch; higher or the highest pitch
in the selected word is traced accompanied with a pitch graph (according to
Praat software). Finally, this study includes the findings.
Key Words: Quality-Sensitive Stress – Optimality Theory – Transliterated
Islamic Term – Modern Standard Arabic – Pitch.