الفهرس 
Definitions of Hearing loss
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Abstract
The sensorineural hearing loss incidence ranges from 1 to 3 per 1,000 live births in term healthy neonates, and 2-4 per 100 in high-risk infants, a 10-fold increase.
A number of risk factors for SNHL were described, involving low gestational age and birth weight, intrauterine and postnatal infections, neonatal asphyxia, requirement for prolonged oxygen therapy and respiratory support, hyperbilirubinemia needing exchange transfusion, hyponatremia, surgery during the neonatal period, congenital malformations, family history of hearing impairment, genetic abnormalities, and exposure to ototoxic medications such as diuretics and antibiotics.
The present study aimed to estimate the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss among newborns in NICU and to describe the distribution of risk factors associated with sensorineural hearing loss and the effects of their interaction.
The current study was carried out on 710 neonates in a Hospital, Cairo, Egypt; The neonates in the study were 710 (401 of them (56.5%) were males and 309 (43.5%) were females) ; the birth weight was ranging from 680 to 5500 gm and the mean gestational age was 35.8 ± 3 weeks.
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All the cases were screened for hearing loss using the transient evoked otoacoustic emission device (Echo-Screen), followed by a second stage screening for those who failed the test with the transient evoked otoacoustic emission device. Those cases given a Refer were then made to undergo an Automated Auditory Brainstem Response test.
Results of the current study showed that 76.7% of cases had hyperbilirubinemia, 8.73 % were of low birth weight (<1500 g), and 15.5% were on mechanical ventilation. In the first screening phase, 80% were given a Pass response and 20% were given a Refer response for the right ear. In the second screening phase, 91% were given a Pass, 9 % were given a Refer. The highest referral rates were in neonates with multiple risk factors.
Regarding mode of delivery in the present study; (38%) were by vaginal delivery and (62%) by CS.
Our results showed that the mean of APGAR.Score.1min was 5.6 minutes. Mean of APGAR.Score.5min was 8.4 minutes, mean of Hemoglobin was 14.8 gm/dl, mean of Total Leukocytic Count was 13718.78/cmm , mean of Platelets count was 237240.8/cmm , mean of blood PH was 7.3 , mean of PaCo2 was 34.16 and mean of HCO3 was17.12.
Regarding the parametric correlations in 62 low birth weight neonates, the present study showed significant correlation at the 0.01
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level between birth weight and APGAR. Score 1 min; birth weight and APGAR. Score 5 min; between APGAR Score 1 min and APGAR. Score 5 min, APGAR. Score 1 min and ventilation; between APGAR Score 5 min and ventilation; between PaCo2 and HCO3. There was significant correlation at the 0.05 level between birth weight and ventilation ; between APGAR. Score 1 min and TEOAES.S1.RT ; between ventilation and bilirubin.
Regarding the non parametric correlations in 62 low birth weight neonates, our results showed significant correlation at the 0.01 level between APGAR. Score 5 min and APGAR Score 1 min; between APGAR. Score 5 min and ventilation; between ventilation and APGAR Score 1 min. There was significant correlation at the 0.05 level between APGAR. Score 5 min and birth weight; between ventilation and bilirubin ; between TEOAES.S1.RT and APGAR Score 1 min.