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العنوان
PLANT REGENERATION OF BANANA (MUSA SPP.) VIA TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUE /
المؤلف
Abdel-Motagaly, Sara Mohamed.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / سارة محمد عبد المتجلي
مشرف / ابراهيم سيف الدين ابراهيم
مشرف / حسام حسن أحمد مناف
مشرف / ياسمين مرزوق رجب
تاريخ النشر
2018.
عدد الصفحات
78 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
ماجستير
التخصص
علوم النبات
تاريخ الإجازة
1/1/2018
مكان الإجازة
جامعة عين شمس - كلية الزراعة - النبات الزراعي
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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from 78

Abstract

The present investigation aimed to study the effect of some plant growth regulators on micropropagation of two explants (shoot tips of rhizomes and immature male flower buds) in Musa acuminata cv. Grand Nain AAA-group. Two laboratory experiments were conducted in 2014-2016 in plant tissue culture lab. Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain-Shams University, Shoubra El-Kheima Cairo, Egypt. Samples were taken for morphological, histological and biochemical studies at the rooting stage in microtechnic and biological estimates laboratories in Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain-Shams University.
The data obtained from these studies could be summarized in the following:
I. First experiment (shoot tips culture)
The shoot tips of healthy rhizome (a free disease) were used as a traditional explant for banana plant propagation using tissue culture technique.
In this experiment, the effect of BA at 2, 4, 6, 8 mg l-1 were studied on the shoot tips micropropagation of banana. Also, morphological response of banana shoot tips for 0, 6 mg l-1 BA and their relationship with some biochemical components (total soluble phenols, free amino acids, total soluble sugars, chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids).
The main results of the experiment include:
1. BA treatment at 6 mg l-1 led to a significantly increase in some morphological parameters compared to the rest treatments. The results showed that 6 mg l-1 of BA treatment significantly increased fresh and dry weights, and number of shootlets, shootlet length, number of leaves and roots/plantlet and root length as compared to cultured medium without BA.
2. Accumulation of total soluble sugars and free amino acids was enhanced by 6 mg l-1 of BA while the reverse was true with the rest biochemical compositions (total soluble phenols). On the contrary, there are no significant differences between BA treatment and control on chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids concentration in shootlets.
II. Second experiment (immature male flower buds culture)
The use of immature floral buds as non-conventional explant and treated with different growth regulators to study the effect of each and combinations among them on the development of the explant. Male flower hands were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with different concentrations of BA (0, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 mg l-1), TDZ (1, 3, 5 mg l-1), IAA (2 mg l-1) or NAA (0.5 and 2.5 mg l-1) in single and in combinations for in vitro regeneration. Sucrose (30 g l-1) and 0.7% agar were added.
The main results of the experiment include:
1. Explants cultured on MS basal medium lacking cytokinin induced necrosis and turned brown within 2 weeks.
2. The immature male flower buds which were cultured on MS media supplemented with 6, 10 mg l-1 BA and 8 mg l-1 BA + 0.4 mg l-1 TDZ begin to bulge at the base and induction of white bud like structures (WBLS) was noticed after 30 days. The other remain treatments didn’t respond to proliferation and their color just turned green.
3. Adding both BAP at 6 mg l-1 with GA3 1.5 mg l-1 in the medium increased fresh and dry weights and induced a high number of shoots as well as promote shoot elongation as compared to the rest treatments.
4. All treatments led to significant decreasing in the total soluble phenols compared with the control. Whereas, the MS basal medium lacking cytokinin recorded the highest significant value of total soluble phenols.
5. On the contrary, all treatments showed significant increment in the free amino acids and total soluble sugars compared with the control.
6. These results revealed that using BA at 6 mg l-1 generally increased chlorophyll a, b, a+b and carotenoids concentration compared to other treatments.
7. The histological observations indicated that the shoot initiation was recorded through 16 weeks of culturing on BA media. Through this time, the shoots (adventitious buds) may be originated directly from the inflorescence axis or from a developing cushion. Each one has a meristematic dome surrounded by leaf primordia.
BA treatment at 6 mg l-1 during micropropagation of shoot tips and immature male flower buds of banana could be important for the biochemical status for the development and optimization of strategies for large scale propagation and germplasm conservation.