الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Lubrication technology is always facing new challenges therefore continuous development is required. All industrial fields aim to increase durability and service intervals and reduce friction which lead to rationalize the energy consumption .To overcome these challenges, new lubricants and more specified additives must be used.
The main target of this work is to prepare different types of synthetic lubricants from different sources, chemically; such as hydroxyl ammonium salts ionic liquids and naturally; such as oleic acid based tri-ester and estolides from vegetables source.
The preparation of these synthetic lubricants was carried out by different techniques such as direct neutralization which is used in hydroxyl ammonium salts ionic liquids and esterification in case of oleic acid based tri-ester and estolides.
All the prepared samples were characterized via traditional tools of analysis such as Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H1-NMR), elemental analysis (EA) and Gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Thermal analysis parameters of the prepared samples were determined by thermal gravimetric analysis technique which describes the thermal behavior of the prepared lubricants.
The prepared samples were evaluated as potential lubricants by studying different physicochemical properties such as kinematic viscosity, viscosity index, density, pour point, flash point, fire point and total acid number, according to standard methods and the fluidity test.
The rheological characteristics of all prepared samples were studied at different temperatures (5-100oC) and different shear rates. Also Non- Newtonian behavior (pseudoplastic or shear thinning) was observed and power law was applied.
Tribological properties of selected samples were investigated at different lubricating regimes to provide more understanding on the extent of the tribological impact and their curves were discussed.
from the previous study we can predict that most of the prepared samples are superior in type with efficient required characteristics (physically or thermally) and excellent rheological and tribological properties to act as potential lubricants.