الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The study shows that the crops of the study peanuts and potatoes achieve surplus in production and the most important factors affecting consumption is the average per capita income and unit price of the crop.
2 - The study shows that the marketing costs include marketing functions in addition to the profits of all intermediaries and difficult to separate them in the calculation method. The study also showed that the marketing functions of the study crops do not exceed 25% of the total marketing costs, indicating that the rise in consumer prices is not the result of higher marketing costs, but the high profit of intermediaries.
3 - The study showed the multiplicity of intermediaries through the multiple marketing channels of the study crops, which leads to an increase in consumer prices without justification.
4 - The study shows that the retailer and the wholesale gets the largest share of the consumer’s fairy, which causes the raising of prices on the market and the lower share of the product, although it is the owner of the primary benefit in production and must address this problem.
5 - The study showed that the potato crop is marketed 60% of the quantity produced in its natural form and does not have any marketing functions other than packaging and transport, nevertheless, marketed marketing margin is high and unjustified.
6 - The study shows that the peanut crop is marketed through two marketing methods, namely wholesaler, representing 76% of the total quantities marketed and the export route, representing 24% of the total quantities marketed from the crop.
7 - The study shows that the potato crop marketing through three marketing tracks are wholesaler and sales to the manufacturing and selling companies for export stations representing 39.5%, 48.3%, 12.2% of the total marketed quantities of the crop, respectively.
8 - The study showed that the most important marketing problems of peanut yield in the sample of the study were in several problems, the most important of which is the failure to follow a system of contract farming with the producers of the crop.
9 - The study showed that the most important marketing problems of potato crop in the sample of the study were in several problems, the most important of which was the high transport costs of the wholesale markets.
10- The study indicates that the determinants of the external demand of Egyptian exports for the study participants are the quantity of the local production of the importing country, the quantity of the consumption deficit, the value of the unit imported from the crop, the export price, the average income of the individual and the food habits of the importing country.
11- The study shows that Egypt’s exports of the crops of the study face difficulties, most of which lies with the state in terms of administrative procedures and infrastructure of transport, ports, airports and means of shipment equipped, as well as marketing information on quantities and specifications required for foreign markets.
12- The study showed that the Egyptian exports of the crops of the study face fluctuation and instability in the quantities exported during the study period, despite achieving export efficiency in the high price in importing countries from the price at wholesale prices in the local market, indicating that the profit margin of the source is higher than The situation of selling in the local market in addition to increasing the state revenues from foreign currency, which help to bridge the balance of payments deficit.
13- The study shows that the study participants achieve a competitive advantage in the foreign markets, such as the Russian market, where the growth rate of demand for potato crop is growing. One of the markets where demand for this crop is also increasing is the Lebanese, Italian and Greek markets.
14 - The study showed strong competition from the exports of China, USA, India, South Africa, Argentina and the Netherlands against the Egyptian exports of peanuts.
Summary.
the marketing system aims to achieve many objectives such as increasing the share of the product from consumer payments While reducing the marketing costs and profits of intermediaries in various marketing operations, but the reduction of marketing costs alone is not evidence of high marketing efficiency or achieve the product of a high share of the pounds of the consumer, where the efficiency of the marketing of crops through To link marketing processes and production processes in terms of production with good specifications and high productivity.
In terms of the cost of production and various agricultural practices. Which is reflected in the low cost of the productive unit and the loss of production, which has an impact when measuring marketing efficiency. The study deals with field crops, namely peanuts and vegetables, which are one of the important crops, which are considered the main export crops. Studies have shown that these two crops yield productivity and net return of Fadani in the new lands, higher than in the old lands. The problem of the study is that, in addition to the fact that the new lands face many problems and obstacles, this has led to a decline in its role in achieving the objectives of the economic development processes pursued by the state. These problems are the problems of production and marketing problems. New land and weak marketing experience of producers and the absence of places or marketing bodies that facilitate the process of marketing the products of the farmer. The lack of information on the marketing behavior of the study crops as well as the lack of follow-up of appropriate agricultural practices and marketing methods are obstacles faced by farms as well as the separation between production processes and marketing processes, which affects the marketing efficiency of the crops and the farmer’s decision to choose crops that achieve economic returns. It achieves it if I follow the appropriate marketing methods. The problem of the study is limited to the increase in the share of intermediaries from the marketing operations and their obtaining a higher return than the cost of these operations, which leads to higher marketing costs and lower agricultural prices obtained by farmers for the study crops with higher retail prices paid by consumers. Which leads to lower marketing efficiency of the study crops. The exports of these crops also suffer from the instability of the quantity of exports, where their exports have witnessed a clear fluctuation during the last period. Therefore, it was necessary to study price fluctuations and to know the extent of their impact on production and marketing policies, which requires studying the current marketing situation, marketing problems, marketing efficiency indicators and marketing proposals for the study crops.
The objective of this study is to shed light on the marketing determinants in the new lands through the marketing pathways of the peanut and potatoes producers to identify the most important problems that hinder the marketing of these crops and to identify the most important proposals for improving the marketing systems in the new lands. The study also aims at measuring the marketing and export efficiency of peanut and potatoes as a crop which is of high importance for both domestic consumption and export.
The study relied on two types of data. First, the preliminary data collected through the questionnaire form for a field sample in the new territories in Nubaria area, where three observers were selected, west of Nubaria, Al Bustan, South and West of Tahrir. The sample questionnaire was designed to collect field data for the production and marketing costs and the different marketing methods of the study subjects in the sample of the study which was conducted in the agricultural season 2015/2016. The sample size was 200 research subjects. The study also relied on secondary data from statistical publications in the Economic Affairs Sector, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, and Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics publications. In addition to the records of the Directorate of Agriculture in Nubaria and registered 2 services in the agricultural cooperative societies for monitoring development and cooperation in Nubaria and the use of studies and research related to the field of study.
The study used qualitative descriptive and quantitative economic analysis methods for the objective nature of the study. The descriptive method was used to explain and describe the theoretical concepts and the econometric models used. The quantitative method was used to measure and estimate the economic variables that make up the study parts such as the use of simple regression method, Study some measures of marketing efficiency and price spread, marketing marginsAnd analysis of the value chain of the study crops and some other statistical methods that are commensurate with the variables under study. Simple statistical tests, including the T and F tests, were used. The study analyzed the problems and obstacles facing the marketing system in a quantitative way by giving numerical weights to each problem according to their degree of severity and continuity. As well as the cause of these problems if they belong to the farmers themselves or to the mediators or to the state.The study, in addition to the introduction and the problem of research and its purpose, the method of research and the sources of data acquisition four sections:
The first sections dealt with the theoretical framework of the study and the review, which included two chapters. The first chapter deals with the conceptual framework of agricultural marketing concepts and its importance, the dimensions of the marketing process, the marketing objectives, marketing strategies, marketing mix, marketing cost concept, marketing margins and types, the concept of marketing pathways, structure and market behavior, marketing losses and marketing efficiency. The second chapter reviewed the most important studies and researches related to the field of study in order to identify the nature of the research problems and the research method that was used with the most important results reached in these studies to benefit from them. The review in terms of marketing studies in the new territories, studies on the marketing of the peanut crop, dealt with the studies on the marketing of the potato crop. It also included the most important results obtained from the review.
The second section deals with the study of production, consumption and export of study crops in Egypt through secondary data at the level of the Republic, including old and new lands. During a period of time (1999 - 2015). The aim is to determine the volume of production of the study crops in Egypt and the level of self-sufficiency and the most important factors affecting the consumption and the quantity and value of exports of crops at the general level in Egypt. The first part was concerned with the development of the production capacity of peanut and potatoes in Egypt during the study period. As for peanut yield, the results show that the area, productivity and production of peanuts in Egypt are almost constant throughout the study period. In terms of potato yield, the study showed that the area, productivity and potato production in Egypt increased by 5.9%, 0.57% and 6.7% respectively during the study period.
The section on the relative importance of the most important items of the production costs of the study participants shows that the fixed costs, the most important of which is land rent, are almost identical to those of the two crops. While variable costs include: - seed, chemical fertilizers, municipal fertilizers, automated work, human labor. The table data indicate that the variable potato yield is very high for the peanut crop in all cost components, especially with regard to potato seed yield, which represents 35.7% of the total cost. This is due to the fact that the seeds of the crop are imported especially for the summer meal. This human component represents about 15.1% of the total total cost due to the importance of the human element in the preparation and processing of seeds for agriculture. As well as in the harvest phase. Training, qualification and numbers of trained cadres should be conducted for this purpose. The second part deals with the development of the consumer energy of peanuts and potatoes in Egypt during the study period. The study of the development of production, consumption, food gap and self-sufficiency rate of peanut yield in Egypt during the period from )1999 – 2015( was shown by studying the development of total production, surplus and self-sufficiency at an increasing rate and consumption at a decreasing rate but not statistically significant.