الفهرس 
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Abstract
Pemphigus refers to a group of potentially life-threatening diseases that affect the skin and mucous membrane. This group of diseases has in common the presence of desmosomal damage by autoantibodies against desmogleins, resulting in epidermal acantholysis.
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is the most common variant of pemphigus (70% of cases) and frequently affects the oral cavity, PV may affect the skin, the oral cavity, mucosa of the nose, genitals, esophagus, pharynx, and larynx. If untreated, widespread erosion and blisters may occur with major consequences, even death.
The theory that PV is inherited had been initially suggested by the unique susceptibility of some ethnic groups and populations such as Ashkenazi Jewish and people from India and the Mediterranean. However, the disease is multifactorial and there is a linkage between PV and the HLA alleles but there is also a gap in understanding how the environment and genetics may alter gene expression triggering the disease.
Determining the primary associations within the HLA region and PV will not only increase our understanding of the mechanisms behind disease pathogenesis but may also aid in the development of novel therapeutic targets in the future.
Summary
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Because the course of PV is frequently unpredictable, the identification of parameters that may predict the course and prognosis of the disease are desirable. This study was performed to find if there any association with HLA –class II in PV Egyptian patient and correlate HLA allele with clinical parameter as phenotype, severity, age at onset.
Fifty subjects were included in this study; 25 PV Egyptian patient, 25 healthy subject in control group. Clinical evaluation was performed and data recorded in sheet designed for this study, blood sample collected from all subject and HLA-DRB1 allele were typed by polymerase chain reaction with specific sequence primer (PCR-SSP) then data was analyzed.
The results of this study showed significant association between HLA-DRB1 alleles (HLA-DRB1*04:02,*08:04,*14: 54) and PV patient and high frequency of DRB1*04:02 in pemphigus group, with the predominance of DRB1*04:02 allele in severe mucocutaneous phenotype although the association was not significant