الفهرس 
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Abstract
Bifidobacterium spp is normally found in the human
intestines and characterized by gram-positive, catalasenegative,
non-sporeforming, non-motile. Bifidobacterium
spp are referred as probiotics due to their antimicrobial
activities and human health benefits. The most important
characteristic of Bifidobacterium infantis is affecting
tryptophan metabolism. Serotonin synthesis in the brain
depends on availability of its precursor tryptophan.
Since interruption in the synthesis of serotonin plays a
key role in physiology of depressive disorders. A
deficiency of Bifidobacterium infantis may contribute to
depression disorders as well.
Increased Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
may lead to changes in membrane viscosity may affect
serotonergic receptor functions. So, it is inviting to
hypothesize that these relationships support a possible
association between oxidative stress and depression.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the
antidepressant and antioxidant effect of Bifidobacterium
infantis in management of depression state which
correlated with oxidative stress. The effect was assessed by
measuring whole blood serotonin, serum malondialdehyde,
serum nitric oxide and whole blood glutathione peroxidase
levels.
100 healthy male albino rats were divided into five
groups 20 rats in each.group (I): Control group: consisted of 20 rats that
not exposed to forced swim test and didn’t suffer from any
stress.
group (II): Depression group: 20 rats that exposed
to forced swim test daily for 14 days without any
treatments.
group III: Prophylactic group: 20 rats that have
treatment dose of 1X1012 of Bifidobacterium infantis and 2
hours later they exposed to forced swim test daily for 14
days.
Treatment groups:
group (IV): probiotic treatment: 20 rats that
exposed to forced swim test every day for 14 days (and
then treated by 1X1012 of Bifidobacterium infantis for
another 14 days.
group V: SSRI treatment: 20 rats that exposed to
forced swim test every day for 14 days and then treated
with 10mg/5ml of citalopram for another 14 days
Note: group IV and group V have before and after
treatments results and were called treatments groups)
Blood samples were collected from all subjects for
determination of the different parameters.
The study revealed that there was a significant
reduction in whole blood serotonin level, a significant
increase in serum malondialdehyde and serum nitric oxide
and a highly significant decrease in whole blood glutathione in all rats that gain depression by forced swim
test for 14 days (group II, group IV before, group V before)
On the other hand, oral administration of
Bifidobacterium infantis for 14 days as a prophylactic
treatment (group III) showed no significant difference in
measured parameters except for glutathione peroxidase
which showed a highly significant increase when compared
with control. But, there was a highly significant difference
between group III (prophylactic treatment) and group II
(depressed group)
Oral administration of Bifidobacterium infantis for 14
days in group IV (treatment) showed no significant
difference in all measured parameters when compared to
control. But, there was a highly significant difference in all
measured parameters when compared to group IV before
treatment.
On the other hand, Oral administration of citalopram
for 14 days in group V showed no significant change in
measured parameters when compared to group V before
treatment except for serum malondialdehyde which showed
a highly significant difference before and after treatment.
from the previous data it is obvious that
Bifidobacterium infantis treatment has got significant
antidepressant and antioxidant activity in management of
depression state which correlated with oxidative stress.