الفهرس 
MECHANISM OF & PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BLUNT TRAUMAOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
T
rauma is the commonest cause of death among younger people aged 14-44 years with male/female ratio of 2: 1. Death from injury was predicted to rise by 65% by year 2020.
Abdominal trauma affects 10% to 15% of injured patients. Although significant intra-abdominal injury is relatively infrequent, the consequences of missed or delayed diagnosis can be significant. Therefore, accurate and timely diagnosis of injuries is essential. The initial history and physical examination are of paramount importance information regarding the mechanism of injury and state of the patient before arriving in the emergency department.
The burden of major trauma, predominantly blunt in nature, continues to rise in the most of the countries. More often the young are affected with lifelong debilitating consequences. Minimally invasive technique, such as laparoscope procedures, have become standard for the treatment of many surgical conditions, being able to minimize the impact of the surgery, to reduce postoperative pain, time to recover and to improve cosmetic outcomes.
The purpose of laparoscopy for trauma is to exclude or confirm intra-abdominal injury and therapeutic procedure required. Laparoscopy for abdominal injuries for acute abdomen requires consideration of technical expertise of surgeon, available resources and other diagnostic tests available. In laparoscopic the relative morbidity and mortality, complication rates, and missed injury rates are low and comparable with open approaches.
Additionally, a wide variety of intra-abdominal pathology can be addressed laparoscopically including injuries to the bowel, diaphragm, liver, spleen, and pancreas.
The routine use of laparoscopy can achieve a sensitivity of 90–100% in abdominal trauma. This can reduce the number of unnecessary laparotomies and the related morbidity.
Further advantages are reduced morbidity, shortened hospital stay, and lower cost. In the future, there may be exciting advancements for this field of surgery through innovative developments.
In conclusion, laparoscopic surgery represents a valuable standard of surgical care for most of the country, for both diagnostic and therapeutic intent, in most abdominal emergencies and it surely has improved our management of surgical emergencies being an essential part of our clinical and therapeutic approach.