الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Learning disability, was behavioral and educational problem serious, children with learning disability does not suffer a mental disability or sensory (audio and visual) or disadvantaged culturally and environmentally or emotionally disorder. But it means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes which include attention, perception, memory and problem-solving. Echo appears in the lack of the ability to learn reading, writing and arithmetic, and the consequent either in elementary school or later failure on different in learning subjects. And not up to the same level of education that reaches his colleagues of the same age, despite what has the mental abilities and IQ medium or above medium.
Learning disabilities was divided into two types, first was developmental learning disability: it relate to the growth of mental capacity and processes responsible for the academic consensus and include difficulties (Attention, preparation, memory and solve the problem), the resulting turmoil in one of those operations from the low level of the student in the subjects related to literacy and others. Second, academic learning disability: include reading, writing and arithmetic difficulties, a result and outcome of the developmental learning disability.
Learning disorder spread among children in general for primary school students in particular, accounting for 14% of primary school pupils. Learning disability due to causes to factors genetic, environmental, food and defects in brain development.
Malnutrition for certain nutrients is one of the most important problems, facing these children, especially choline, taurine, omega-3 and selenium as it leads to the emergence of developmental learning disability such ad lack of attention, perception and memory.
Choline is a water-soluble nutrient, it is usually grouped with the B-complex vitamins. Choline deficiency may play affect their children’s memory.
Taurine, is amino acids, it could help relieving the symptoms of ADHD.
Omega3, polyunsaturated fatty acids, it treatment the symptoms of learning disabilities such as ADHD.
Selenium is trace element could require, that is naturally present in many foods. Many studies confirm that children with learning disabilities suffer from its deficiency in selenium.
The treatment of learning disability were behavioral, medically and nutritionally, and the focus on behavioral therapy only despite the importance of diet therapy for children with learning disability.
According this study aimed to: Investigate the effect of addition some foods rich in choline, taurine, omega 3 and selenium for meals on the behavioral development and nutritional status of children with learning.
Subjected sample were 21 children classified into: 8 female + 13 male with learning disability. They selected from one places (Hafez Ibrahim School, Hadayek Al.kobba. The study investigated their socio-economic factors, nutritional status; dietary intakes, using 24 hours recall, diet history, food habits, anthropometric measurements, clinical signs and Behavioral Indicators Developmental Learning Disability Elementary Scale (BIDLDES), for behavioral assessment of the situation pre & post dietary intervention.
Dietary intervention was applied for three months rate of three meals/ week (cupcake contains of 50 g wheat germ, rissole soybeans contains of 25 g soybeans and Strawberry yogurt mixer contains of 120 g wheat germ + 125g peanuts). And had been done sensory evaluation for meals to measure the acceptance of LDC pre dietary intervention, it was applied in faculty of specific education, Ain shams university and 10 children from learning disability.
Followed by retest and statistical analysis. Results of socio-economic factor showed the largest proportion secondary was (38% & 33%) among mothers & fathers respectively, but the largest proportion at mother’s work was house wife (90.4%) & but worker among fathers was (57%).
Food habits reflected that; 52.4% of total children did not had their breakfast, average intake of milk & dairy products was only 1. 2 units/day. and water intake represented 795ml∕day besides juices preserved, soft drink, tea, fruits and vegetables (0.46, 0.75, 0.62, 0.68 and 0.75 units ∕day) respectively and result diet history confirmed results food habits .
According to 24 hour recall, ccompared with RDA & RNI, it was found that average intake before dietary intervention for water, Fe, Vitamin A, choline, taurine, omega 3 and selenium was (40.8, 45, 60, 29, 22, 10 and 36) respectively, but after dietary intervention was (41.2, 69, 63, 112, 105, 101 and 123%) respectively. There were statistically significant differences between pre and post dietary intervention in choline, taurine, omega3 and selenium at (P <0.01).
Beside results of anthropometric measurements, all sample LDC had normal Z-score for weight and height, head circumference, measure upper are circumference MUAC and Triceps, Lower back and Subscapular TLS pre dietary intervention there were (-0.58, -0.1, 51.9, 19.3 and 14.6) respectively, but post dietary intervention it noted that change were not significant statistical, it may be due to short period between two measures (3 months) were (+0.26,+0.075, 52.2, 20.9 and 15.4) respectively. While clinical sign results revealed that pale skin, gums bleeding and white spots nails, it happened to them improvement pre & post dietary intervention was (24, 14.3 &23%) respectively pre intervention from total sample and became (9.5% for all them) post dietary intervention .
In addition to behavioral status assessment, results of degree test was (61.5 &89) pre and post dietary intervention respectively. There were statistically significant differences between pre and post dietary intervention in scale axes) attention, perception and memory) at (P <0.01).
The study recommended: Increments for intake of meals rich in choline ,taurine ,omega 3 and selenium in home by mother’s children and strengthening meals pupils in schools, such as(cupcake added to it 50 g of wheat germ /day, rissole added to it 25 g of soybeans /day and strawberry yogurt mixer added to it 125g of wheat germ/day +125g peanuts/day), at least 3 times / week to improve behavioral and nutritional status for children with learning disability. Beside interest in the work of new studies on the importance of behavioral therapy beside the nutritional therapy to reach better results in improving the situations of children with learning disability.