الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY
In the current times, where implant placement is the most favored option for replacement of a missing tooth, preservation of alveolar ridge is of vital importance. Following tooth extraction, dimensional changes of the residual alveolar ridge are inevitable. Thus, to maintain the bone volume, placement of various graft materials inside freshly extracted socket is advocated by multiple studies as a ”ridge preservation technique.”
The aim of the present study was to compare three months post-extraction augmented ridge using Beta-tricalciumphosphate bone graft versus a composite of autogenous tooth graft and Beta-tricalcium-phosphate bone graft both loaded in bioresorbable collagen membrane. This comparison was done clinically, histologically and radiographically.
Clinical parameters included; vertical bone height and bone width that were recorded at baseline and at three months after extraction. Moreover, histomorphometric parameters included; area fraction of osteoid and mature bone three months after extraction by histomorphometric analysis. Radiographic parameters included superimposition of baseline CBCT and another one done three months after extraction with subsequent measurement of bone height, bone width and bone density.
Summary
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A core biopsy was taken three months after tooth extraction which has undergone histomorphometric analysis; implant placement was also done at the same time.
In the present study, it was found that the mean bone height decreased with a higher percent in (Beta tri calcium phosphate and autogenous tooth graft group) than (Beta tricalcium phosphate group) with a significant difference between both groups.
In addition, this study showed that the mean bone width decreased more in group 2 than group 1 with a significant difference between them.
By histomorphometric analysis a higher mean surface area of newly formed bone was detected in Beta tricalcium phosphate group with a significant difference between both groups.
Moreover, in the present study, histological analysis revealed more osteoblastic rimming around newly formed bone trabeculae, larger lacunae for osteocytes and also the blood vessels were more and larger-sized in Beta tricalcium phosphate group.
Radiographically, CBCT superimposition revealed that a greater percent decrease in bone height was denoted in (Beta tri calcium phosphate and autogenous tooth graft group) than
Summary
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(Beta tricalcium phosphate group) with a significant difference between both groups.
Accordingly bone width showed a higher decrease in (Beta tri calcium phosphate and autogenous tooth graft group) than (Beta tricalcium phosphate group) with a significant difference between both groups.
Finally, bone density increased in Beta tri calcium phosphate group and decreased in Beta tri calcium phosphate and autogenous tooth graft group with a significant diffe