الفهرس 
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Abstract
Various mixes were prepared using 6% Sodium hydroxide pellets (SH) with10% by volume sodium silicate liquid (SSL) were used as activator that was dissolved in the mixing water and the w/s ratio used is 0.24. The pastes are moulded into 1 inch cubic moulds and left within the moulds at 100% relative humidity for 24 hrs, then demoulded and cured under tap water for 1,3,7,28,90 and 180 days. The hydration characteristics of the different mixes have been tested via determination of compressive strength, combined water, bulk density, total porosity and XRD analysis at different time intervals in water, in order to study the effect of some artificial pozzolana such as ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBFS), Cement kiln by-pass dust (CKD) and Fly ash (FA) on Geopolymer composition.
The main conclusions could be derived from this investigation are summarized as follows:
1- Alkali Activated of GGBFS:
• Mix ( S) is prepared using 0.24 liquid/solid ratio (L/S) by weight. 6% Sodium hydroxide pellets (SH) with 10% by volume sodium silicate solution are used as activator that is dissolved in the mixing water.
• The combined water contents of the alkali activated GBFS pastes gradually increases up to 180 days. This is due to the continuous hydration and accumulation of hydrated products, which deposed in the available open pores. Which make the total porosity decrease and as a result of it the compressive strength increase.
2- Alkali Activated of GGBFS – CKD:
• Various mixes SD1,SD2,SD3 are prepared using different ratios (5,10,15%) of CKD and using 6% Sodium hydroxide pellets (SH) with 10% by volume sodium silicate solution are used as activator that is dissolved in the mixing water.
• The combined water contents of the alkali activated GBFS pastes gradually increases up to 180 days. This is due to the continuous hydration and accumulation of hydrated products, which deposed in the available open pores. Which make the total porosity decrease and as a result of it the compressive strength increase.
• The result show that Using 5% CKD is the optimum ratio for the formation of geopolymer cement.
3- Alkali Activated of GGBFS – SF:
• Various mixes SS1,SS2,SS3 are prepared using different ratios (5,10,15%) of SF and using 6% Sodium hydroxide pellets (SH) with 10% by volume sodium silicate solution are used as activator that is dissolved in the mixing water.
• The combined water contents of the alkali activated GBFS pastes gradually increases up to 180 days. This is due to the continuous hydration and accumulation of hydrated products, which deposed in the available open pores. Which make the total porosity decrease and as a result of it the compressive strength increase.
• The result show that Using 5% SF (SS1) is the optimum ratio for the formation of geopolymer cement.
4- Alkali Activated of GGBFS – FA:
• Various mixes SF1,SF2,SF3 are prepared using different ratios (5,10,15%) of fly ash and using 6% Sodium hydroxide pellets (SH) with 10% by volume sodium silicate solution are used as activator that is dissolved in the mixing water.
• The combined water contents of the alkali activated GBFS pastes gradually increases up to 180 days. This is due to the continuous hydration and accumulation of hydrated products, which deposed in the available open pores. Which make the total porosity decrease and as a result of it the compressive strength increase.
Conclusion
from the result it is show that the mix SF3 that contain (85% slag +15% FA) and by using 6% sodium hydroxide and 10% by volume sodium silicate can be considered the optimum to prepare geopolymer cement with physico chemical and mechanical properties.