الفهرس 
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Abd El-Moneim Mostafa Ibrahim: Water use efficiency on acclimatization and increasing sugar beet productivity under environmental stress conditions. Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agric, Ain Shams University 2017.
Two field experiments were carried out during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons at Sahl El –Tina region, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt, to study the response of sugar beet plant grown under irrigation interval (control ”3 weeks”, 4 weeks, 5 weeks), cultivated either by transplanting or direct seed sowing and five treatments as soil drench (potassium humate (4 & 8gl-1), potassium silicate (4 & 8gl-1) and control). The effect of these treatments on the growth and chemical composition of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Were investigated the treatments were distributed in a split-split plot design where irrigation intervals in the main plot, planting methods in the sub-main plot and soil drench in the sub sub-main plot. Statistical analysis was carried out and least significant of difference was calculated.
The results indicated that transplanting method was more drought tolerant with higher acclimatizing than direct seed sowing because transplanting significantly exceeded direct seed sowing in all of growth parameter, yield, yield components, mineral ions (K, P, Ca and Mg), proline, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar, transpiration and stomatal conductanes.
Also transplanting methods recorded higher in water use efficiency than seed sowing.
Generally, transplanting and soil drench with the above mentioned doses could correct the metabolic disturbance under drought stress “irrigation intervals” (4 weeks) by increasing plant growth parameter yield and yield attributes. However, transplanting with soil drench (potassium humate (4 & 8gl-1), potassium silicate (4 & 8gl-1) led to improve growth parameters at 90 days from sowing date under irrigation intervals (4 weeks). Furthermore, transplanting with the potassium humate 8gl-1 surpassed the other treatments under irrigation intervals (4 weeks). The effect could be arranged in a descending order as follows potassium humate 8gl-1 > potassium silicate 8gl-1 > potassium humate 4gl-1 > potassium silicate 4gl-1.
from the current study the adverse effects of drought stress on sugar beet plants under Sahl El-Tina conditions can be alleviated, by using transplanting, potassium humate and potassium silicate which had positive effects on the most of the biochemical components and growth parameters and ultimately on yield.
Keywords: Sugar beet, drought, irrigation interval, potassium humate, potassium silicate, growth parameters, chemical composition
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Praise be Allah in the present life and at the Here after
I wish to express my sincere appreciation and gratitude to Prof. Dr. Said Awad Shehata, Prof. of Plant Physiology, Agric. Botany Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams University, for his supervision, kind help, patience, valuable suggestion and encouragement during this investigation.
I wish also to express my deepest thanks to Prof. Dr. Hussein Said Khafaga, Prof. of Adaptation and Plant Physiology, Genetic Resources Dept. Desert Research Center, for suggesting the problem, supervision, helping in writing this thesis and continuous guidance.
I am greatly indebted to Prof. Dr. Sayed Said Eisa, Prof. of Plant Physiology, Agric. Botany Dept., Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams University, for his supervision, active guidance, continuous advice and encouragement.
The author is greatly indebted to Dr. Ahmad Said Khafaga, Genetic Resources Dept. Desert Research Center, for his help and good advice.
All thanks for all members of Agric. Botany Department, Ain Shams University, and Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, for their valuable advice and their services during this study.