الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was performed during 2014 and 2015 seasons on four years – old Flame Seedless cv. Grafted on Salt Creek rootstock, growing in a private vineyard at Badr City, EL-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. The trees were planted in sandy soil and the vines were of almost similar vigor, supported by Gable system. Distances were 2m between vines and 3m between rows. The vines were drip irrigated and fertilized through the fertigation system. Nitrogen fertilizer was used in form of ammonium nitrate (33 % N), phosphorus fertilizer in form of mono ammonium phosphate (61% P) whereas; potassium was added in form of solo potassium (50 % K) since, it added during five period of growth, at date of bud opening, full bloom date, fruit set, fruit maturity and after harvest.
Thus, nine treatments were tested in this study Randomized complete block design with three replicates was followed; each replicate was represented by three vines.
Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer treatments (kg/fed.) as absolute amount.
potassium Phosphorous Nitrogen Treatments No
20 10 20 1
40 10 20 2
60 10 20 3
40 20 40 4
80 20 40 5
120 20 40 6 (control)
60 30 60 7
120 30 60 8
180 30 60 9
1- Effect of different ratios of N, P and K on characteristics yield and cluster of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock:
A- Yield / Vine (kg)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment 40 N, 20 P and 80 K significantly increased yield / vine with respect to the second season, compared to the other treatments except with the concentration of treatment i.e.; (60 N, 30 P and 60 K), (40 N, 20 P and 40 K) and control especially in the first season.
B- Cluster weight (g)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, control treatment increased of cluster weight compared to all treatment, but in the second season, there were no significant differences in cluster weight resulted by the treatments i.e.; (40 N, 20 P and 40 K), ( 40 N, 20 P and 80 K ), ( 60 N, 30 P and 120 K ) and control.
C- Cluster length (cm)
The results indicated that the treatments i.e.; (40 N, 20 P and 80 K) and control increased cluster length without any significant differences between them in the both two seasons.
D- Pedicel diameter (cm)
The obtained results indicated that in the both two seasons, treatment i.e.; 40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 80 potassium gave the highest values of pedicel diameter.
E- Pedicel length (cm)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.; 40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 80 potassium significantly increased pedicel length, as well as the second season.
F- Torus thickness (cm)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 80 potassium increased torus thickness, with respect to the second season , there were a significant increase in torus thickness resulted by all the concentration of treatments i.e.; 20 nitrogen, 10 phosphorus and 40 potassium.
G- Brush length (cm)
The obtained results indicated that, brush length was not affected significantly by all treatments in the both two seasons.
2- Effect of different ratios of N, P and K on physical characteristics of berries of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock:
The effect of different ratios of NPK fertilization on berry diameter and berry length, weight of 100 berries, weight juice of 100 berries of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock. The obtained results indicated that, treatment of 40 N, 20 P and 80 K gave the highest value in the weight of 100 berries, berry diameter and berry length than the rest other treatments in the two seasons of the study. Especially in the first season, there was a significant increase by control treatments in the weight of 100 berries.
3- Effect of different ratios of N, P and K on chemical characteristics of berries of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock:
A- T.S.S. content (%)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.; 40 N, 20 P and 80 K increased T.S.S. in the both two seasons.
B- titratable acidity
Data in the first season indicated that titratable acidity was increased significantly by treatment i.e.; (40 N, 20 P and 40 K),(40 N, 20 P and 80 K) and control without differences among these treatments in the both two seasons.
C- T.S.S/acid ratio
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.; (60 N, 30 P and 180 K) significantly increased T.S.S/acid ratio without significant differences among the most treatments. With respect to the second season, there were a significant increase in T.S.S/ acid ratio resulted by almost the concentration of treatments i.e.; (60 N, 30 P and 120 K).
D- Total anthocyanin content
Data in the first season indicated that, control treatment significantly increased total anthocyanin content followed by the other treatments. Regard to the second season, the obtained results were similar to those found in the first season without any significant differences between treatments i.e. ;( 40 N, 20 P and 40 K), (40 N, 20 P and 80 K) which gave highest significant values.
4- Effect of different ratios of N, P and K on vegetative growth parameters of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock:
A- Leaf area (cm2)
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 80 potassium significantly increased leaf area, with respect to the second season , there were a significant increase leaf area resulted by all the concentration of treatments i.e.;40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 80 potassium and control.
B- Pruning weight (g)
The obtained results indicate that, treatment i.e.; 40 nitrogen, 20 phosphorus and 120 potassium (control) gave the highest significantly increased Pruning weight ,in both the two seasons.
5- Effect of different ratios of N, P and K on leaf petioles content of mineral elements of Flame seedless grape grafted on salt creek rootstock:
A- Nitrogen content
Result proved that in the two seasons, nitrogen content was affected significantly by fertilizers treatment. Generally, Indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e. ;( 60 N, 30 P and 120 K) and (60 N, 30 P and 180 K ) significantly increased nitrogen content in Leaf petioles, with respect to the second season , there were a significant increase in nitrogen content in Leaf petioles resulted by all the concentration of treatments i.e.;( 60 N, 30 P and 180 K ).
B- Phosphorus content
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;(60 N, 30 P and 180 K ) significantly increased phosphorus content in Leaf petioles, as well as the second season.
C- Potassium content
Result showed that, the obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e. ;( 60 N, 30 P and 120 K) significantly increased potassium content in Leaf petioles, as well as the second season
D- Iron content
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;(60 N, 30 P and 180 K ) significantly increased ( Fe) content in Leaf petioles, with respect to the second season , there were a significant increase in ( Fe) content in Leaf petioles resulted by all the concentration of treatments i.e.;( 60 N, 30 P and 60 K ).
E- Zinc content
Data revealed that, the obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;(60 N, 30 P and 180 K ) significantly increased ( Zn) content in Leaf petioles, with respect to the second season , there were a significant increase in ( Zn) content in Leaf petioles resulted by all the concentration of treatments i.e.;( 60 N, 30 P and 120 K ).
F- Manganese content
Data indicated that, the obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;(20 N, 10 P and 20 K ) significantly increased ( Mn) content in Leaf petioles, as well as the second season.
G- Copper content
The obtained results indicated that in the first season, treatment i.e.;(60 N, 30 P and 180 K ) significantly increased ( Cu) content in Leaf petioles, as well as the second season.
Recommendation:
from the obtained results can be drawn the follows:
1. Flame seedless grapes grafted on Salt Creek suffers from poor coloring of berries coloring, the although significant increase in total yield and so the equation fertilizer 80:20:40 NPK very suitable to improve the coloring berries by increasing the content of the anthocyanins pigment.
2. The vigorous growth of the Salt Creek cause poor coloration generally for colored varieties of grapes especially with the increasing of nitrogen fertilization for 40 units per fed. and reduce potassium about 80 units per fed.
3. Generally, it can be recommended fertilizer 80:20:40 NPK to fertilize Flame seedless grapes grafted on Salt Creek . Although it was preferable not to grafting red grapes varieties and only done to grafting white varieties on it.