الفهرس 
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Abstract
Developmental neurotoxicity of trichloroethylene is claimed to cause permanent brain damage that might result in reduced intelligence, disturbed children’s quality of life and academic achievement and abnormal behavior. Moreover, it is known that the developing CNS is much more sensitive to chemical exposure than that of an adult. This is due to the immature blood brain barrier, increased absorption versus low body weight and a diminished ability to detoxify exogenous chemicals. One of the promising models used in developmental neurotoxicity testing is the three dimensional neurospheres system. It is based on assessment of the key developmental and basic cellular neurological processes in the growing brain such as, proliferation, differentiation, viability and apoptosis. This could reflect many changes during the period of brain development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neurotoxic effects of trichloroethylene in vitro in three dimensional neurosphere system. The present work confirmed the developmental neurotoxic effects of TCE in 3D neurosphere model through affection of neural proliferation and differentiation as well as disturbance of cell viability and apoptosis. On the other hand, DNT occurs due to many mechanisms, neurite outgrowth is one of them. Disruption of this vital process as demonstrated in the present work could lead to serious adverse neurodevelopmental disorders especially when the growing brain is exposed to TCE in early life.