الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was undertaken to investigate the effect of aqueous seeds extracts of coriander and fennel on lead-treated rats. Seventy-two adult male albino rats Sprague-Dawley strain were equally divided into six groups: group (1) normal and group (2) Lead group that induced by oral administration of lead acetate at dose (50 mg/kg b.wt/ day). The other four groups were administrated lead acetate and the coriander seed extract at doses (250 and 500 mg/ kg b.wt/day) and fennel seed extract at doses (100 and 150 mg/ kg b.wt/ day), respectively for six weeks by gastric tube. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed, blood samples were collected to separate serum and plasma; also kidneys were removed for biochemical parameters estimation.
Feed intake, body weight gain were recorded and feed efficiency ratio (FER) was calculated as well as absolute and relative kidneys weight were determined. The following parameters were measured; serum and renal lead concentration, serum delta amino levulinic acid dehydratase (δ ALAD) activity, serum levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid plus creatinine clearance and urinary protein, serum and urinary levels of sodium and potassium, renal reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) as well as plasma and renal glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities. The present study demonstrated that oral administration of coriander and fennel seeds extracts at the tested doses to lead-treated rats resulted in non-significant (p> 0.05) changes in biological values (feed intake, body weight gain, FER and kidneys absolute and relative weight) and a significant (p< 0.05) improvement in the most of the biochemical parameters as compared to lead group, such as depletion of lead concentration, restoration of δ ALAD, marked depletion of kidney functions specially normalization of serum creatinine and uric acid with regulation of excretion of electrolytes and raising enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants accompanied with reduction in MDA and NO. In conclusion, administration of coriander and fennel seed extracts at high doses ameliorates the changes in the biochemical parameters induced by lead nephrotoxicity in rats owing to their content of phenolic compounds that act as antioxidants and responsible for metal chelation and free radical scavenging property.