الفهرس 
(Hepatitis C virus (HCVOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was designed as a retrospective study to examine the prevalence of different forms clinico-pathological pattern of nephropathy diagnosed in hepatitis C virus positive patient at Ain shams specialized hospital, based on retrospective analysis of renal biopsies obtained over a 10 years’ period. It included biopsies of 81 patients. Prior to the biopsy procedure, full clinical examination, full laboratory investigation and pelvi-abdominal ultrasound were performed to all the patients.
The main results of the present study are:
• As regard demographic characteristics of studied subjects, age ranged from 19 to 77 years; the mean age was 49.14±14 years; patients from 18 to 60 years were 68 representing 84.0% of all studied subjects, where 16% were above 60 years. In addition, 75.3% were males and 24.7% were females.
• As regard result of clinical examination, 28.4% revealed generalized fatigue, 34.6% revealed hypertension, 30.9% lower limb edema and 6.2% generalized edema. Liver disease was compensated in 55.6%, decompensated in 42.0% and each of liver translation and cancer liver was reported in one case (1.2%). No associated disease was reported in 81.5%; while 13.6% reported diabetes mellitus, 1.2% atrial fibrillation, 1.2% SLE, 1.2 RA and 1.2% sarcoidosis. Nephrotic proteinuria was reported in 25.9%, while non-nephrotic proteinuria was reported in 58.0%; renal impairment, hematuria, oliguria and cryoglobulinemia were reported in 50.6%, 1.2%, 1.2% and 14.8% respectively.
• As regard histopathological diagnosis, it was in the form of minimal change glomerulonephritis in 2.5%, type 1 membranoproliferative GN in 42.0%, stage 2 membranous nephropathy in 14.8%, stage 2 membranous nephropathy in 14.8%, resolving post-infectious GN in 1.2%, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 12.3%, focal proliferative GN in 2.5%, nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis in 6.2%, global glomerulosclerosis in 4.9%, cryoglobulinemic GN in 7.4%. finally, each of renal amyloidosis, benign nephrosclerosis, crescentic GN, mild mesangial hypercellularity and fibrillary GN; was reported in 1.2%.
• There was statistically significant relation between associated disease ad results of histopathology; where diabetes was associated with nodular diabetic glomerulosclerosis, and type 1 membranoproliferative GN; AF was confined to stage 2 membranous nephropathy, SLE was confined to benign nephrosclerosis; RA confined to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; and finally sarcoidosis was completely confined to renal amyloidosis.
• There was no significant relation between nephrotic proteinuria and histopathological diagnosis; while non nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with type 1 membranoproliferative GN, and type 2 membranous nephropathy.
• Renal impairment was significantly associated with type 1 membrano-proliferative GN and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
• Oliguria was significantly associated with minimal change glomerulo-nephritis.
• Cryoglobulinemia was significantly associated with type 1 membrano-proliferative GN and cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis.
• As regard to relation between associated disease and patient age, diabetes and atrial fibrillation were significantly associated with age group > 60 years, where they represented 30.8%, 7.7% of this age group, compared to 10.3%, 0.0% in age group 18-60 years. In addition, SLE, RA and sarcoidosis were confined to age group 18- 60 years.
• There was no significant association with non-nephrotic subgroups. On the other hand, nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with female gender, where 50% females compared to 18.0% males were positive for nephrotic proteinuria.