الفهرس 
Temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy and embryologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The Temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) is a ginglymo-arthrodial joint since it is both a ginglymus (hinging) joint and an arthrodial (sliding) joint that allows both side to side movement as well as a gliding motion.
Temporo-mandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are a class of degenerative musculoskeletal conditions associated with morphological and functional deformities. TMD can be divided into articular and extra articular abnormities.
Diagnosis criteria include symptoms and signs along with the patient’s history and a thorough clinical and radiological investigation of the TMJ.
The non-invasive modalities implemented most commonly include physical therapy, orthodontics, occlusal splints and/or adjustments and pharmacological medications.
Although minimal and non-invasive techniques are successful in management of TMD, Invasive surgeries may be needed in later stages.
Keywords:Temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ), Temporo-mandibular disorders (TMDs), Noninvasive, Management.