الفهرس 
• Evolution &classificationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
There are a number of situations in congenital cardiac surgery where a tube-like connection must be established using a conduit.
The paradigm is a conduit between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery bifurcation for tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia where there is complete failure of development of the main pulmonary artery.
Conduits were also a popular method for establishing a connection between the systemic venous circulation and the pulmonary arteries in the early development of the Fontan procedure as well as once again today, and for a time were also placed between the apex of the left ventricle and the descending aorta for complex left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
In this study we discussed the following :
• Various types of cardiac conduits suitable for use in pediatric cardiac surgery .
• Factors affecting longevity of conduits .
• Indications of using cardiac conduits in pediatric cardiac surgeries especially for TA , APVS and pulmonary atresia.
• Review surgical technique for conduit in TA ,APVS and pulmonary atresia.