الفهرس 
Monoamine hypothesis in depression
Depression and high fat dietOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background &Aim: Several hypothesis link high fat diet and depression, we aimed to study the effect of metformin (MET) on the antidepressant activity of fluoxetine (FLU) in non-high fat diet (HFD) and HFD fed rats exposed to chronic restrained stress (CRS).
Methods: Ten groups (n=12) of male Wister rats were used. Naïve rats (control, non-stressed, fed standard chow diet for 12 weeks), 4 stressed groups (exposed to CRS 4 hours daily in the last 6 weeks), fed standard chow for 12 weeks, [untreated, MET treated, FLU treated, MET and FLU treated groups]. HFD fed group for 12 weeks (control group), 4 stressed and HFD fed groups [untreated, MET treated, FLU treated, MET and FLU treated groups]. MET and FLU were given daily by oral gavage in a dose of 30mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively in the last 4 weeks of 12 weeks total duration. Behavioral, biochemical, molecular and histopathological studies were performed.
Results: stressed non HFD fed group showed depressive like symptoms, disturbed glucose homeostasis and lipid profile, reduced adiponectin level and BDNF expression, while corticosterone and phosphorylated JNK were increased. All this was aggravated by HFD.
The treatment with metformin, fluoxetine and their combination produced significant improvement HDL, triglycerides, IR and serum corticosterone levels, behavioral tests, body weight, fasting insulin, LDL, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, adiponectin. There was also significant improvement in phosphorylated hippocampal JNK level as well as BDNF gene expression. H&E results show increase in number of viable cells in CA3 and decreased number of shrunken pyramidal cells in hippocampus.
However, the significant difference favors the combination of metformin and fluoxetine.