الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
Mohammed Ali Mohammed Abdelfattah. The Use of Molecular Genetics Technique for Differentiation of Meat Species and Detection of Meat Adulteration. Unpublished Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation, University of Ain Shams, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production, 2016.
This work described a simplex and a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the accurate identification of two meat kinds forbidden in Islamic foods (pig and donkey meats) and five meat kinds commonly marketed in Egypt (goat, sheep, cattle, camel and buffalo meats). Meat samples from the seven investigated species were used for molecular analysis of each species as per standard method. Cytochrome-b gene was amplified by PCR using a common forward oligonucleotide primer. By mixing species specific reverse oligonucleotide primers in the appropriate ratio, DNA-fragments could be identified by only one multiplex PCR. PCR products were resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis and characteristic band pattern was observed for each species. The PCR products showed amplicons of 290, 370, 480, 580, 700, 800, 1000 bp from goat, sheep, pig, cattle, camel, buffalo and donkey meats, respectively. Simplex PCR assay was applied to detect adulteration in luncheon, burger and hotdog manufactured by three reputed companies. Following genomic DNA extraction from raw products which were claimed to be made of beef, PCR was performed and detected buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) meat as an adulterant. The oligonucleotide primers amplified mitochondrial DNA sequences and revealed specific 580 and 800 bp for cattle and buffalo, respectively. The sequel of this study suggests that the method of detection used can be applied by quality control laboratories and inspection services to determine adulteration of different kinds of meats and meat products. Linear and nonlinear types of regression were developed to construct a curve that has the best fit to a series of data points of Y= DNA percentage versus X= PCR amplicon concentration (ng/µl). With coefficients of determination ranging between 0.78 and 0.96, the linear model appeared the most statistically appropriate to be used for estimating DNA percentage for all the seven investigated species, since only for the linear model the regression coefficient was significantly different from zero (P<0.05) for all the investigated species.
Keywords: Meat adulteration, Meat origin species, Species identification, Cyt-b gene, Simplex and multiplex PCR assays.