الفهرس 
TYPE 1 DIABETES REVIEW
Definition of DiabetesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted exclusively by
adipocytes that regulate the metabolism of lipids and glucose.
Adiponectin has antidiabetic, antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory
properties. In addition it has an important protective role in
carcinogenesis
OBJECTIVE: To asses adiponectin serum levels in adolescent boys with
type 1 diabetes mellitus and to study the relationships between serum
adiponectin levels with pubertal development body mass index,
testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and glycemic control.
Research design and methods: The study was a case- control study
carried out on 45 adolescent boys with T1DM aged 12-18 years and 37
healthy control boys of similar age .The cases and controls were divided
into four subgroups according to their pubertal stage (Tanner stage 2-
5).They were subjected to full history, reviewing their medical records,
and clinical examinations (Auxology, Blood pressure and Pubertal
assessment). Serum total adiponectin level, total testosterone, sex
hormone- binding globulin level and free testosterone level were
determined by ELISA technique in addition to glycated haemoglobin and
fasting blood glucose.
Results: Adiponectin serum level (±SD) was significantly higher in
T1DM boys compared to healthy control group (12.93 ± 5.24µg/ml
versus 8.91± 3.21µg/ml) (P<0.001).Such higher serum levels of
adiponectin were detected mainly at Tanner stage 2 (16.57 ± 4.60µg/ml
vs 11.88±3.39µg/ml) (P=0.025) and Tanner stage 3 (12.77±3.71µg/ml
vs.6.59±1.54µg/ml) (P=0.002). Adiponectin levels decreased
significantly during pubertal development in control group and T1DM
group. The rate of decline in adiponectin serum level in T1DM boys was
more smooth and regular in diabetic than control group. In T1DM boys
adiponectin levels were negatively associated with pubertal stage, age,
total testosterone, free testosterone, intermediate / long acting insulin
dose and positively to HbA1c. No correlation was detected with SHBG or
BMI. In control group adiponectin levels were negatively associated with
pubertal stage, total testosterone and BMI.
Conclusion: Adiponectin serum levels in adolescent boys with type 1
diabetes were significantly higher than control mainly at early puberty. It
decreases significantly during pubertal development and correlated
negatively to pubertal stage, total and free testosterone levels,
intermediate / long acting insulin dosage and positively to HbA1c .