الفهرس 
مصطلح الثيم تعريفه ونشأته
التنظيمات الادارية والعسكرية البيزنطيةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This study focuses on the Muslim-Byzantine border areas
during the 4th century AH/ 10th century AD, Key points in this
study are:
- Importance of the 4th century AH/10th century AD. This
period witnessed political changes that gave rise to the
Byantine military expansionist wars, which pushed the
latter’s border against the Muslims.
- Studying the role of Muslim Amirs in defending the border
regions during the Byzantin military expansionist wars,
which were similar to the holy crusades against Muslims in
the beginning of the 11th century AD but more advanced.
- Studying the military formations and administrative
organizations in Muslim and Byzantine border regions
during the 4th century AH/10th century AD period.
- Emergence of new social and religious trends in the Muslim
and Byzantine border regions during the 4th century
AH/10th century AD:
* Emigration of individuals and groups from Muslim
border regions to Byzantine land. For example, the Arab
tribe of Banu Habeeb- with a population of roughly
10.000 people at the time-had made its move to the
Byzantine lands, with its slaves, and converted to
Christianity.
* Forced and premeditated mass conversion to christianity
in the Muslim communities of border regions, although
this direction has been present since the 9th century AD
but only in personal cases.
* The study also focuses on the effects of each’s culture on
the other. The study employs a historical analytical
narrative approach and compares modern and historical
events.
The problems and difficulties that faced the study are
summarized in the following points:
- Agreat number of references written in classic Arabic and
foreign languages that had to be translated.
- Some vague parts in the history of the Muslim-Byzantine
border regions during the 4th century AH/10th century AD
which forced the use of extrapolation.
- The subjectivity and partiality of some authors of books on
historical events, some of their narratives are discussed in
the study.
The study is composed of a preface, an introduction, four
chapters, and a conclusion.
The preface introduces the references used in the study,
while the introduction deals are entitled the Geography of
Border Areas during the 4th century AH/10th century AD.
Chapter One with the Muslim-Byzantine region areas
before the 4th century AH/10th century AD and region areas
since the rise of Islam till the 3rd century AH/9th century AD.
Chapter Two discusses the Byzantine annexation of some
Muslim border areas in the 4th century AH/10th century AD,
wars fought by the two sides, and the effects of these wars on
the Muslim-Byzantine border regions.
Chapter Three focuses on the military and administrative
organizations of the Muslim and Byzantine border regions. The
first line in this chapter deals with Byzantine side, the definition
and development of the concept of ”them”, and a comparison
between the ”them” and Archon systems. The second line deals
with the Muslim side.
Chapter Four discusses how communities of border areas
lived in harmony according to the Byzantine epic Digenis
Akritas and the Arabic epic the mettlesome Amir. The chapter
studies the phenomenon of Muslim-Byzantine inter-marriage in
the epics, the effect of language on communities of border
regions, and Arabs who converted to christianity in these areas,
and finally, the conclusion.