الفهرس 
الملخصيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Because Literary Criticism is a science that has multi dimensions and functions, and tries to interpret and analyze literary works while identifying its literary value, based on several methodological tools which begin to develop coinciding with literary creations. Because children’s literature or juvenile literature has become an important branch of literature, it becomes more concerned with the intellectual, psychological and moral education and upbringing of children. So, its content should be studied and analyzed based on a set of specific standards upon which the evaluation of these works oriented for these age groups is based, in order to distinguish the good works from the bad ones, extract values and principles which are called for by most of the writers of children’s literature to be learned by children; and to identify its important artistic characteristics to find out the appropriate method for addressing them systematically and logically. Because nowadays the increasing interest in children’s literature in Iran becomes clearer than ever before, the interest in its criticism also increases. The studies confirmed that criticism of children’s literature in Iran witnesses a great development since the late 1970’s and early 1980’s. This can be confirmed by the prevalence of Newspapers and institutions which were only interested in criticism of children’s literature, such as (Magazine of Children’s Literature, Bright children’s book of the month). As a result of the permanent increased interest in this type of criticism (criticism of children’s literature), there is a need for more than establishing critical theories and methods in order to set accurate cognitive controls that limit the features of prevalent chaos. However, some critics , including Mohammed Hadi Mohammadi (one of the contemporary critics in Iran) who tried through his book ”Methodology of the criticism of children’s literature” to provide the most important critical features that have clear methodological bases. By considering his attempt, we can recognize that criticism is an art, which resembles other arts.
As a result of the development of this branch, which is called ”children’s literature criticism”, we have to search for attempts and endeavors undertaken in Iran to establish its theories. As a good example of these attempts, there is the book ”Methodological criticism of children’s literature”. This book, which is written by several Iranian critics, is considered one of the best books written in Iran about the criticism of children’s literature. It is divided into two parts: first part is about the theoretical views of the writer concerning children’s literature and its criticism. In this book, the writer deals with the foundations of children’s literature criticism in a methodological way. The book started with providing several important literary terms, namely (the meaning of methodology, value in children’s literature, the concept of beauty in children’s literature), as it tries to show the aesthetic qualities of literary works and find out the identity and value of beauty. After that, the writer displays the critical features used in children’s literature, and then he turns to the structure, elements and relations of literary work. The second part of the book focuses on the practical application of some critical methods, which are considered- from the standpoint of the writer- appropriate to be applied to children’s literature. The writer chooses different works, to which he applied the interpretative method, like the story of ”The Little Prince ”, and the structural method, like the ”story of that jar”. Moreover, he chooses the works of the famous Iranian writer ”Ahmad Reda Ahmadi” to apply the comparative criticism to it. The writer adopts his personal experiences as the sole source of learning of children’s literature and its criticism. This book is considered and important one as it is a book that contained both theoretical and practical criticism. This book won the Best Paper Award for the year 1998. Therefore, it is an evidence of the development occurred in the field of children’s literature criticism in Iran.
In his book, Mohammadi is characterized by absolute critical neutrality and his refusal of involving critical theories and methods to explain the literary works.
This research examines the book ”Methodological criticism of children’s literature” by Iranian writer Mohammad Hadi Mohammadi. The research aims to find out the modern critical features of children’s literature and how to apply them to literary works. The study uses the descriptive method, which analyzes and interprets the critical views mentioned in the book to show its consistency with the critical standards in the same field, and to find out how the writer applies them to his literary work. As for the tools of research, the study uses this book, the two stories ”The Little Prince” and the ”story of that jar”, and some Persian and Arabic references. The research has two parts: theoretical part that includes an introduction, a preface, critical introductions, three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction dealt with the definition of children’s literature and its criticism in Iran and the importance of this topic and the difficulties faced by the study. The preface focused on identifying only the writer, while the part entitled ”critical introductions” focused on some important concepts in the field of children’s literature and its criticism, such as (the meaning of methodology, value and evaluation in children’s literature, the concept of beauty and aesthetic concept). These concepts are very important in this research because they serve as the basic concepts of literary texts criticism. Chapter one is entitled ”Structural Vision of the Writer”. It includes three points, namely his view of the structure, elements of the structure, relations network in the structure of the text. It has given us in the end a complete picture about the structure of literary works. The researcher identifies from his point of view which of the concepts mentioned by the author serve as the relations that arise between the elements in literary works, i.e. to be included in ”relations network in the structure of the work”. Chapter two is entitled the critical features of children’s literature as for the writer. In it, there is a presentation of the most important critical features used in this field from the viewpoint of the writer, namely, ”formal, ideological, interpretative feature, educational, psychological, social principles method, criticism of the balance, structuralist and post- structuralist criticism”, which are provided by the writer in an objective way. Chapter three is entitled ”practical application”, in which the study criticizes the criticism of ”Mohammadi” for some literary works. He uses the interpretative criticism for the story ”The Little Prince” and the structural criticism for the story ”The Story of that Jar”. The second part of the study handles the translation of some literary extracts of the book. In conclusion, the researcher outlined the most important results of this study he found, including:
1-Mohammadi does not impose his subjective values on literary works. Objective criticism he followed makes him concerned with analyzing literary work itself, without any regard to the status of its creator.
2-By considering the criticism of Mohammadi in the applied practical part, we can say that his criticism plays an important role in enriching criticism of children’s literature in Iran. His critical works he presented in his book can be called ”his critical experiments”, which are certainly of major benefit for the scholars of literature and criticism.
3-Mohammadi is one of the contemporary Iranian critics who added a great artistic value to children’s literature criticism and set its analytical and methodological rules. So this field may witness a huge boom.
4-This book is evidence on the latest scientific developments witnessed by Iran in the field of literary criticism. It is also a proof of the good efforts made by the Iranian critics in the field of children’s literature criticism, especially as we mentioned that this field is a new one and needs further studies.