الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Rising groundwater table has been significant over the past decades at many archeological sites in Egypt. The rising groundwater is considered a main cause for the deterioration of monuments. This phenomenon requires proper actions for the purpose of groundwater control. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis for well dewatering problems spanning data exploration, detailed analysis of pumping tests, and analytical modeling of groundwater flow in multiple wells problems.
The first part of this study tackles the data analysis and exploration issues. This is important to support the decision maker and to give a complete understanding of groundwater constraints and boundary conditions before building a model. Groundwater data typically creates an obstacle in the analysis since it is variable in both space and time. A GIS-based automated procedure is developed in this study to explore the spatiotemporal behavior of groundwater data. The idea of the technique is to use spatial interpolation to create grids of water table elevations at the different acquisition times. The water table grids are then converted to raster images and MPEG technology is used to encode a video file form the raster images. By playing the movie sequence, valuable inferences are drawn pertaining to the spatial and temporal changes of groundwater. The functionality of the developed techniques is demonstrated on a case study from Sphinx area in Egypt.
The second part of the thesis contains comprehensive analysis of pumping tests in Sphinx area including constant flow and step flow tests in order to determine aquifer parameters. Aquifers hydrogeological parameters are important for developing local and regional water plans as well as developing groundwater flow models to predict the future availability of the groundwater resource. The pumping test analysis methods used include: Neuman type curve matching and Boulton type curve matching, checked by Thiem–Dupuit method. The results of curve-matching determine the average transmissivity, the vertical and horizontal hydraulic conductivity, specific yield and storage coefficient.
The last part of the thesis presents an analytical solution for the two dimensional (2-D) flow fields towards multiple partially penetrating pumping wells. The flow problem is treated as two- dimensional flow in horizontal plane with approximation for the vertical components of the flow. The analytical solution is based on Dupuit- Forchheimer and the principle of superposition. Additional methods are incorporated to account for well losses, well seepage face, and partial penetration. These additional methods include Hantush-Bierschenk’s method to estimate aquifer and well loss parameters required to calculate the total drawdown inside the well, Kozeny correction factor to account for partially penetrating wells, and Schneebeli method to consider the seepage face inside the well and determine the actual position of the water table. A model implementing the developed analytical solution is built to determine the total drawdown resulted from multiple pumping wells. The model is built through programming visual basic code under the ArcGIS environment. The model calculates the drawdown at every grid pixel based on its relative location to the operating wells. The comparisons between the observed and calculated drawdown in Sphinx area showed that the developed model could simulate the drawdown in multiple well problems with high degree of confidence. The model is then used in this thesis to find a better dewatering alternatives in the study area.